Ngenxa yokubuyela umva koqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nokubuyiselwa kwemfuno yezinto ezinkulu, amaxabiso okuthunyelwa kwempahla aqhubekile nokunyuka kulo nyaka. Ngokufika kwexesha lokuthenga eMelika, ii-odolo ezikhulayo zabathengisi ziphindaphinde kabini uxinzelelo kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla kwihlabathi liphela. Okwangoku, izinga lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwiikhonteyina ezivela eTshayina ukuya eMelika lidlule kwi-US$20,000 kwikhonteyina nganye yeenyawo ezingama-40, nto leyo ebeka irekhodi eliphezulu.
Ukusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwentsholongwane ye-Delta mutant kukhokelele ekunciphiseni izinga lokujika kweenqanawa kwihlabathi liphela; uhlobo lwentsholongwane lunempembelelo enkulu kwamanye amazwe aseAsia nakwiindawo zaseAsia, kwaye lubangele amazwe amaninzi ukuba ayeke ukuhamba kweenqanawa emhlabeni. Oku kwenze ukuba umphathi wenqanawa angakwazi ukutshintsha abasebenzi abadiniweyo. Malunga nabasebenzi benqanawa abayi-100,000 bavaleleke elwandle emva kokuba ixesha labo liphelile. Iiyure zokusebenza zabasebenzi zidlule kwincopho yokuvalelwa ngo-2020. UGuy Platten, uNobhala Jikelele we-International Chamber of Shipping, uthe: "Asisekho kwisiphelo sengxaki yesibini yokutshintshwa kwabasebenzi. Sikwingxaki."
Ukongeza, izikhukula eYurophu (eJamani) phakathi ukuya ekupheleni kukaJulayi, kunye nezivuthuvuthu ezenzeke kwiindawo ezisemazantsi onxweme lwaseTshayina ekupheleni kukaJulayi kwaye kutshanje ziye zaphazamisa ngakumbi uthungelwano lwehlabathi olungekabuyi kwiza lokuqala zobhubhane.
Ezi zizinto ezibalulekileyo eziye zakhokelela ekubeni kubekho ukunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso okuthutha iikhonteyina.
UPhilip Damas, umphathi jikelele weDrewry, iarhente yokubonisana ngezolwandle, ubonise ukuba ukuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela ngoku kuye kwaba yimarike yabathengisi abanengxaki enkulu kwaye abafumani mpahla ngokwaneleyo; kule marike, iinkampani ezininzi zokuthumela zinokuhlawulisa ixabiso eliqhelekileyo eliphindwe kane ukuya kwelishumi. UPhilip Damas uthe: “Asikaze sikubone oku kwishishini lokuthumela iimpahla kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30.” Wongeze ngelithi ulindele ukuba eli “xabiso liphezulu lokuthutha impahla” liqhubeke kude kube nguNyaka oMtsha waseTshayina ngo-2022.
Ngomhla wama-28 kuJulayi, iFreightos Baltic Daily Index yalungisa indlela yayo yokulandelela amaxabiso okuthutha imithwalo elwandle. Okokuqala ngqa, yayiquka iintlawulo ezahlukeneyo zeprimiyamu ezifunekayo ukuze kubhukishwe, nto leyo eyaphucula kakhulu ukucaca kweendleko zokwenyani ezihlawulwa ngabathumeli. Isalathisi samva nje sibonisa ngoku:
Izinga lokuthutha impahla ngesikhongozeli ngasinye kwindlela ephakathi kweTshayina ne-US East lifikelele kwi-US$20,804, elingaphezulu ngama-500% kunonyaka ophelileyo.
Umrhumo we-China-US West ungaphantsi kancinci kune-US$20,000,
Ixabiso lamva nje phakathi kweTshayina neYurophu lisondele kwi-$14,000.
Emva kokuba ubhubhane uphinde wanda kwamanye amazwe, ixesha lokutshintsha kweminye imimandla emikhulu yamanye amazwe liye lehla laya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezisi-7-8.
Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso empahla kubangele ukuba ukuqeshwa kweenqanawa zeekhonteyina kunyuke, nto leyo enyanzelisa iinkampani zokuthutha ukuba zinike ingqalelo ekunikezeni iinkonzo kwiindlela ezinenzuzo kakhulu. UTan Hua Joo, umcebisi oyintloko we-Alphaliner, inkampani yophando kunye neengcebiso, uthe: “Iinqanawa zinokwenza inzuzo kuphela kumashishini anezinga eliphezulu lempahla. Yingakho amandla okuthutha edluliselwa ikakhulu eMelika. Yibeke kwiindlela ze-trans-Pacific! Khuthaza amazinga empahla ayaqhubeka nokunyuka” Umphathi jikelele weDrewry uPhilip Damas uthe ezinye izithuthi zinciphise inani leendlela ezingenanzuzo kangako, ezifana neendlela ze-trans-Atlantic kunye ne-intra-Asia. “Oku kuthetha ukuba amaxabiso eenqanawa ngoku ayanda ngokukhawuleza.”
Iingcali zoshishino zihlalutye ukuba ubhubhane omtsha we-crown pneumonia ekuqaleni konyaka ophelileyo uthintele uqoqosho lwehlabathi kwaye wabangela ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla kwihlabathi liphela, nto leyo eyabangela ukunyuka okukhulu kwemithwalo yolwandle. UJason Chiang, umlawuli we-Ocean Shipping Consultants, uthe: “Nanini na xa imakethi ifikelela kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-equilibrium, kuya kubakho iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezivumela iinkampani zokuthutha ukuba zonyuse amaxabiso emithwalo.” Ubonise ukuba ukuxinana kweSuez Canal ngoMatshi nako kwakukunyuswa kwamaxabiso emithwalo ziinkampani zokuthutha. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili. “Iiodolo zokwakha ezintsha ziphantse zilingane ne-20% yamandla akhoyo, kodwa kuya kufuneka ziqaliswe ukusebenza ngo-2023, ngoko ke asiyi kubona naluphi na ukwanda okukhulu kwamandla kwiminyaka emibini.”
Ukunyuka kwexabiso leempahla ezithunyelwa ngekontrakthi ngenyanga kunyuke ngama-28.1%
Ngokwedatha yeXeneta, amazinga okuthutha iikhonteyina zesivumelwano sexesha elide anyuke nge-28.1% kwinyanga ephelileyo, ukwanda okukhulu kwenyanga kwimbali. Ukunyuka okuphezulu kwenyanga kwangaphambili bekuyi-11.3% ngoMeyi kulo nyaka. Isalathisi sinyuke nge-76.4% kulo nyaka, kwaye idatha ngoJulayi inyuke nge-78.2% kwixesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo.
“Olu luphuhliso olumangalisayo ngokwenene,” utshilo umphathi weXeneta uPatrik Berglund. “Sibone imfuno enkulu, ukungoneli kwamandla kunye nokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela (ngokuyinxenye ngenxa ye-COVID-19 kunye nokuxinana kwamazibuko) okukhokelela kumazinga aphezulu okuthutha impahla kulo nyaka, kodwa akukho mntu wayenokulindela ukwanda okunjalo. Eli shishini lisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu.”
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-10-2021