Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwihlabathi liphela, imfuno yentengiso ye-lithium yebhetri ye-anode inyuke kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2021, amashishini asibhozo aphezulu ebhetri ye-lithium anode aceba ukwandisa umthamo wawo wemveliso ukuya kutsho kwiitoni ezisisigidi. I-Graphitization inempembelelo enkulu kwisalathiso kunye neendleko zezinto ze-anode. Isixhobo se-graphitization e-China sineentlobo ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu, ukungcoliseka okukhulu kunye neqondo eliphantsi lokuzenzekelayo, elinciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ze-graphite anode ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Yeyona ngxaki iphambili ekufuneka isonjululwe ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ze-anode.
1. Imeko yangoku kunye nokuthelekiswa kwesithando somlilo esibi se-graphitization
1.1 I-Atchison negative graphitization furnace
Kuhlobo lwesithando somlilo esilungisiweyo ngokusekwe kwi-electrode yemveli i-Aitcheson furnace graphitization furnace, i-furnace yasekuqaleni ilayishwe nge-graphite crucible njengomphathi we-electrode engalunganga (i-crucible ilayishwe nge-carbonized negative electrode ekrwada), ingundoqo yesithando somlilo izaliswe zizinto ezixhathisayo zokufudumeza, i-insulation yangaphandle yodonga igcwele i-insulation ye-furna. Emva kokufakelwa kombane, ubushushu obuphezulu be-2800 ~ 3000 ℃ iveliswa ikakhulu ngokufudumeza kwesixhobo esichasayo, kwaye izinto ezingalunganga kwi-crucible zifudunyezwa ngokungathanga ngqo ukufezekisa i-inking ephezulu yelitye lezinto ezimbi.
1.2. Ubushushu bangaphakathi series graphitization ezikweni
Imodeli yesithando somlilo ibhekisela kwi-serial graphitization furnace esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwee-electrode zegraphite, kunye ne-electrode crucible emininzi (elayishwe ngezinto ezimbi ze-electrode) zixhunyiwe kwi-series longitudinally. I-electrode crucible ibini i-carrier kunye nomzimba wokufudumala, kwaye okwangoku idlula kwi-electrode crucible ukuvelisa ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokutshisa ngokuthe ngqo izinto zangaphakathi ze-electrode ezimbi. Inkqubo ye-GRAFITization ayisebenzisi izinto ezichasayo, ukwenza lula inkqubo yokulayisha kunye nokubhaka, kunye nokunciphisa ukugcinwa kobushushu kwilahleko yezinto ezichasayo, ukugcina ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
1.3 Uhlobo lwebhokisi yegridi yesithando somlilo
No.1 isicelo iyanda kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eyona nto ifundwayo Series acheson graphitization eziko kunye neempawu zobuchwepheshe concatenated of graphitizing eziko, eziko undoqo wokusebenzisa amaqhekeza anode ipleyiti igridi impahla isakhiwo ibhokisi, izinto kungena cathode kwizinto ekrwada, ngokusebenzisa lonke uxhulumaniso slotted phakathi anode ipleyiti ikholamu imisiwe, ipleyiti nganye, ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo se-anode efanayo. Ikholamu kunye nepleyiti ye-anode yesakhiwo sebhokisi yemathiriyeli kunye zenza umzimba wokufudumeza. Umbane ugeleza nge-electrode yentloko yesithando somlilo ukuya kumzimba wokufudumeza wesiseko somlilo, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu obuveliswe ngokuthe ngqo bufudumeza izinto ze-anode kwibhokisi ukufezekisa injongo yegraphitization.
1.4 Uthelekiso lweentlobo ezintathu zeziko legraphitization
I-furnace yochungechunge lobushushu lwangaphakathi kukufudumeza ngokuthe ngqo izinto ngokufudumeza i-electrode yegraphite engenanto. "I-Joule yokushisa" eveliswa ngoku ngoku nge-electrode crucible isetyenziswa kakhulu ukutshisa izinto kunye ne-crucible. Isantya sokufudumeza sikhawuleza, ukuhanjiswa kweqondo lokushisa kufanayo, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kuphezulu kunesithando somlilo sase-Atchison esinokumelana nokufudumeza. I-grid-box graphitization furnace itsalela kwizinto ezilungileyo zobushushu bangaphakathi be-serial graphitization furnace, kwaye yamkele ipleyiti ye-anode ebhakwe ngaphambili ngexabiso eliphantsi njengomzimba wokufudumeza. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-serial graphitization furnace, umthamo wokulayisha wegrid-box graphitization furnace mkhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngeyunithi nganye kuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Isikhokelo sophuhliso lwe-graphitization eziko
2. 1 Lungiselela isakhiwo sodonga lweperimeter
Okwangoku, i-thermal insulation layer of the furnace graphitization igcwele ikakhulu ikhabhoni emnyama kunye nepetroleum coke. Le nxalenye yezinto zokugquma ngexesha lokuveliswa kwe-oxidation ephezulu yokushisa, ixesha ngalinye ukulayishwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshintsha okanye ukongeza izinto ezikhethekileyo zokugquma, ukutshintshwa kwenkqubo yokusingqongileyo okungahambi kakuhle, ubuninzi bomsebenzi ophezulu.
Unokucinga ukuba kukusebenzisa amandla akhethekileyo aphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu besamente yesamente yodonga lwentonga ye-adobe, ukuphucula amandla onke, ukuqinisekisa udonga kuwo wonke umjikelo wokusebenza uzinzo kwi-deformation, ukutywinwa komthungo wezitena ngaxeshanye, ukuthintela umoya ogqithisileyo Ngodonga lwezitena zokuqhekeka kunye nomsantsa odibeneyo kwiziko, ukunciphisa i-oxidation evuthayo ilahleko yezinto ezikhuselayo kunye ne-anode;
Okwesibini kukufakela ubuninzi be-insulation layer ye-mobile insulation ejingayo ngaphandle kodonga lwesithando somlilo, njengokusetyenziswa kwebhodi ye-fiberboard okanye ibhodi ye-calcium silicate ephezulu, inqanaba lokufudumeza lidlala indima esebenzayo yokutywina kunye ne-insulation, inqanaba elibandayo likulungele ukususa ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza; Okwesithathu, umjelo wokungenisa umoya ubekwe ngaphantsi kwesithando somlilo kunye nodonga lwesithando somlilo. Umjelo wokungenisa umoya wamkela isakhiwo sezitena esilungiselelwe ngaphambili kunye nomlomo wesetyhini webhanti, ngelixa uxhasa i-masonry ye-samente ephezulu yokushisa, kunye nokuqwalasela ukupholisa ukupholisa umoya ngenkani kwisigaba esibandayo.
2. 2 Lungiselela igophe lonikezelo lwamandla ngokulinganisa amanani
Okwangoku, ijika lombane lombane we-electrode graphitization furnace lwenziwa ngokuhambelana namava, kwaye inkqubo ye-graphitization ihlengahlengiswa ngesandla nanini na ngokweqondo lokushisa kunye nesithando somlilo, kwaye akukho mgangatho odibeneyo. Ukuphucula i-curve yokufudumala kunokunciphisa ngokucacileyo isalathisi sokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kwesithando somlilo. I-NUMERICAL MODEL yolungelelwaniso lwenaliti KUFANELE KUSEKWA ngeendlela zesayensi ngokwemiqathango eyahlukeneyo yomda kunye neeparamitha ezibonakalayo, kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwangoku, i-voltage, amandla apheleleyo kunye nokusabalalisa ubushushu becandelo lomnqamlezo kwinkqubo ye-graphHItization kufuneka ihlaziywe, ukwenzela ukuba kuqulunqwe ijika elifanelekileyo lokufudumeza kwaye ngokuqhubekayo lilungelelanise ekusebenzeni kwangempela. Njengakwinqanaba lokuqala lokuhanjiswa kwamandla kukusetyenziswa kokudluliselwa kwamandla aphezulu, emva koko unciphise ngokukhawuleza amandla kwaye unyuke kancinci, amandla kwaye emva koko unciphise amandla de kube sekupheleni kwamandla.
2. 3 Yandisa ubomi benkonzo ye-crucible kunye ne-heater body
Ukongeza ekusebenziseni amandla, ubomi be-crucible kunye ne-heater bukwachaza ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso le-graphitization embi. Kwi-graphite crucible kunye ne-graphite ukufudumeza umzimba, inkqubo yokulawula imveliso yokulayisha ngaphandle, ulawulo olufanelekileyo lokufudumeza kunye nesantya sokupholisa, umgca wokuvelisa i-crucible ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuqinisa ukutywinwa ukuthintela i-oxidation kunye namanye amanyathelo okunyusa amaxesha okuhlaziya i-crucible, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ixabiso le-inking ye-graphite. Ukongeza kule milinganiselo ingentla, ipleyiti yokufudumala yebhokisi yegridi yesithando somlilo ingasetyenziselwa njengento yokufudumala ye-anode ebhakiweyo ngaphambili, i-electrode okanye izinto ezisisigxina ze-carbonaceous kunye nokumelana okuphezulu ukugcina iindleko ze-graphitization.
2.4 Ulawulo lwerhasi yomkhuhlane kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu obumdaka
Irhasi ye-flue eyenziwa ngexesha le-graphitization ikakhulu ivela kwizinto eziguquguqukayo kunye neemveliso ezivuthayo zezinto ze-anode, ukutshisa i-carbon surface, ukuvuza komoya kunye nokunye. Ekuqaleni kokuqaliswa kwesithando somlilo, i-volatiles kunye nothuli lubalekela inani elikhulu, indawo yokusebenzela imbi, uninzi lwamashishini alunamanyathelo onyango olusebenzayo, le ngxaki inkulu echaphazela impilo yomsebenzi kunye nokhuseleko lwabaqhubi kwimveliso ye-electrode engalunganga. Iinzame ezingakumbi kufuneka zenziwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuqwalasela ngokucokisekileyo ukuqokelela okusebenzayo kunye nokulawulwa kwerhasi yombane kunye nothuli kwindawo yokusebenzela, kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo okungenisa umoya kufuneka athathwe ukunciphisa ubushushu beworkshop kunye nokuphucula indawo yokusebenza yeworkshop yegraphitization.
Emva kokuba irhasi yeflue ingaqokelelwa ngombhobho kwigumbi lokutsha elixubeneyo, lisuse uninzi lwetela kunye nothuli kwirhasi ye-flue, kulindeleke ukuba ubushushu begesi yeflue kwigumbi lokutsha bungaphezulu kwama-800 ℃, kwaye ubushushu benkunkuma yegesi yeflue bunokubuyiswa ngebhoyila yokutshintsha ubushushu. Itekhnoloji yokutshisa i-RTO esetyenziswa kunyango lomsi we-carbon asphalt nayo ingasetyenziselwa ireferensi, kwaye igesi ye-asphalt flue ifudunyezwe ukuya kuma-850 ~ 900 ℃. Ngokutshiswa kwendawo yokugcina ubushushu, i-asphalt kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo kunye nezinye ii-polycyclic ezinevumba elimnandi kwi-flue gas zifakwe i-oxid kwaye ekugqibeleni ziboliswe zibe yi-CO2 kunye ne-H2O, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kunokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-99%. Inkqubo inomsebenzi ozinzileyo kunye nesantya esiphezulu sokusebenza.
2. 5 Isithando somlilo esithe nkqo esiqhubekayo esingalunganga
Ezi ntlobo zingasentla zikhankanywe ngasentla ze-graphitization eziko sesona sakhiwo seziko semveliso ye-anode e-China, inqaku eliqhelekileyo yimveliso yamaxesha athile, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal, ukulayisha ngaphandle ikakhulu kuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni ngesandla, iqondo lokuzenzekelayo alikho phezulu. Iziko elifanayo elithe nkqo eliqhubekayo elibi legraphitization lingaphuhliswa ngokubhekisele kumzekelo we-petroleum coke calcination furnace kunye ne-bauxite calcination shaft furnace. I-ARC yokuxhathisa isetyenziswa njengomthombo wobushushu obuphezulu, izinto eziphathekayo zikhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo ngumxhuzulane wayo, kwaye ukupholisa kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo okanye isakhiwo sokupholisa i-gasification sisetyenziselwa ukupholisa izinto zokushisa eziphezulu kwindawo yokuphuma, kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa i-powder pneumatic isetyenziselwa ukukhupha kunye nokutya izinto ngaphandle kwesithando somlilo. Uhlobo lwe-FURNACE lunokuqonda ukuveliswa okuqhubekayo, ukulahleka kokugcinwa kobushushu bomzimba wesithando somlilo kunokungahoywa, ngoko ke ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kuphuculwe kakhulu, imveliso kunye neenzuzo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla ziyabonakala, kwaye ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo okuzenzekelayo kunokufezekiswa ngokupheleleyo. Iingxaki eziphambili eziza kusonjululwa yi-fluidity yomgubo, ukufana kwe-graphitization degree, ukhuseleko, ukubeka iliso lobushushu kunye nokupholisa, njl. Kukholelwa ukuba kunye nophuhliso oluyimpumelelo lweziko lokulinganisa imveliso yemizi-mveliso, iya kumisa i-revolution kwintsimi ye-graphitization ye-electrode negative.
3 ulwimi lwamaqhina
Inkqubo yemichiza yegraphite yeyona ngxaki inkulu ebetha abavelisi bezinto ze-lithium ibhetri. Isizathu esisisiseko kukuba kusekho ezinye iingxaki ekusebenziseni amandla, iindleko, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, idigri ye-automation degree, ukhuseleko kunye neminye imiba yesithando somlilo esisetyenziswa kakhulu ngamaxesha athile. Indlela yexesha elizayo yolu shishino ibhekiselele kuphuhliso lweziko ezizisebenzelayo nezilungelelanisiweyo eziqhubekayo, kunye nokuxhasa amaziko asele ekhulile nathembekileyo ancedisayo. Ngelo xesha, iingxaki ze-graphitization ezithwaxa amashishini ziya kuphuculwa kakhulu, kwaye ishishini liya kungena kwixesha lophuhliso oluzinzile, ukunyusa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamashishini anxulumene namandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2022