Ushwankathelo lwemarike: Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Okthobha ka-2022, ukusebenza iyonke kwemarike yepetroleum coke yase China ilungile, kwaye ixabiso lepetroleum coke libonisa indlela “yokunyuka – ukuwa – ukuzinza”. Ixhaswe yimfuno esezantsi, ixabiso lepetroleum coke kwinqanaba lamva liwile, kodwa lisephezulu kwimbali. Ngo-2022, ukubonelelwa kwe-petroleum coke kunyuke kancinci ukusuka kwikota yangaphambili. Noko ke, ngenxa yempembelelo yeMidlalo yeOlimpiki yaseBusika, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-oli ekrwada kumazwe ngamazwe, nothintelo nolawulo lobhubhani, oomatshini bokucoca bacuthe imveliso kwikota yokuqala ngaphambi kwexesha elimiselweyo. Imveliso iye yachacha ngokuthe ngcembe kwikota yesibini, ngelixa inani elikhulu lepetroleum coke ethengiweyo, unikezelo lwesulfure oluphakathi noluphezulu lunyukile, unikezelo lwecoke yesulfure ephantsi lusaqinile. Ukuveliswa kwe-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic kwiindawo ezisezantsi zomlambo ngokuqhelekileyo zigcina ukukhula, kunye nokunqunyulwa kwamandla eSichuan, eYunnan nakwezinye iindawo zendawo kubangele ukuveliswa kwemveliso, kwaye ixabiso le-aluminium lizinzile ngokubanzi. Imfuno ebuthathaka ye-carburizer, i-graphite electrode, kunye nemfuno enyukayo yemathiriyeli ye-anode ikhokelele ekwahlulweni kwexabiso le-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephakathi kunye nesezantsi kwiindawo zasekhaya. Ipetroleum coke yamafutha ichatshazelwe kakhulu yimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Icoke enesalfure eninzi esetyenziswa kwisamente nakwamanye amashishini ijinga ijonge phantsi ixesha elide. Ukungeniswa kwe-coke ye-petroleum ephezulu yesulfure evela kwi-Saudi Arabia yendabuko kunye ne-United States yehlile, kodwa ukungeniswa kwe-coke ye-petroleum yaseVenezuela iye yongezwa ngenani elikhulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Isenzo sexabiso
I. I-coke ye-petroleum ye-sulphur ephakathi kunye nephezulu: Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha ka-2022, ixabiso lemarike yepetroleum coke e-China libonise indlela yonke "yokunyuka - ukuwa - ukuzinza". Ukusukela ngo-Oktobha 19, ixabiso lereferensi yepetroleum coke yayiyi-4581 yuan/toni, inyuke nge-63.08% xa kuthelekiswa nokuqala konyaka. Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Epreli, ngenxa yezinto ezininzi, ezinje ngezithintelo zemveliso ngexesha leeOlimpiki zaseBusika, izithintelo zokuhamba ngenxa yolawulo lobhubhane, kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane ehlabathi achatshazelwa yintlekele yaseRussia-Ukraine, iindleko zokucokisa iindawo zokucokisa zonyuka zizonke. Ngenxa yoko, iiyunithi zokuphekela zeendawo zokucoca ezininzi zayinciphisa imveliso, yaye ezinye iiyunithi zokucoca zayeka ukulungiswa kwangaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthengiswa kweemarike kwehle kakhulu kwaye amaxabiso e-coke anyuka kakhulu. Ukongeza, ezinye iindawo zokucoca ecaleni komlambo zibonelela ngemveliso engeyiyo yesulphur petroleum coke, ixabiso lepetroleum coke lanyuka kancinci kancinci phantsi kwesalathiso esifanayo; Ukusukela ngoMeyi, iiyunithi zokupheka ebezivaliwe kwaye zincitshisiwe imveliso ziye zaphinda zaqala ukuvelisa ngokulandelelanayo. Noko ke, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, ezinye iindawo zokuhluza ziye zathenga ioli ekrwada ngexabiso eliphantsi ukuze ivelise. Ngenxa yoko, isalathiso sepetroleum coke kwimarike siye sawohloka, kwaye isixa esikhulu sepetroleum coke ephuma kumazwe angaphandle sifikile kwizibuko, ikakhulu singenisa icoke yepetroleum yesulphur ephakathi ephakathi eVenezuela, eUnited States, eRussia, eCanada nakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa kakhulu kwi vanadium. I-500PPM ye-coke ye-petroleum ye-sulphur ephakathi kunye nephezulu, kunye neshishini lasekhaya le-aluminium esezantsi liye lalawula ngokulandelelana izinto zokulandelela, i-vanadium ephezulu (i-vanadium> 500PPM) ixabiso le-petroleum coke lawa kakhulu, kwaye umehluko wexabiso phakathi kwe-vanadium ephantsi kunye ne-high vanadium petroleum coke yanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukusukela ngoJuni, njengoko ixabiso lepetroleum coke liqhubeka nokuhla, amashishini ekhabhoni asezantsi angena ngokulandelelanayo emarikeni ukuze athenge. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ixabiso le-petroleum coke ekrwada lihlala liphezulu ixesha elide kulo nyaka, uxinzelelo lweendleko ezisezantsi zikhulu, kwaye uninzi lwabo luthenga ngokufunwa, kwaye ixabiso le-coke ye-sulfur petroleum ephakathi kunye nephezulu igcina umsebenzi wokothuka.
Ii. I-Coke ye-petroleum ye-sulphur ephantsi: Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuJuni, umthamo we-anode wandiswa, imfuno yemarike yanda ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imfuno ye-coke ye-petroleum ephantsi yesulfure yanda kakhulu. Ngo-Apreli, echaphazelekayo ngokuvalwa okulindelekileyo kwe-CNOOC yokucoca ukulungiswa, ixabiso le-coke ye-petroleum coke ephantsi yesulfure laqhubeka lihlala liphezulu; Ukususela ngoJulayi, umlinganiselo wamandla obushushu obuphezulu, ukusebenza kwemarike yentsimbi esezantsi kumbi, ukucuthwa kwemveliso, ukunqunyanyiswa kwemveliso, umbane wegraphite osezantsi kufuneka ube le meko, ukuncipha kwemveliso engaphezulu, inxalenye yokuvalwa, imarike yezinto ezimbi eziphantsi kwesalfure petroleum coke inkxaso ixabiso lilinganiselwe, ixabiso eliphantsi lesulfure coke lawa kakhulu; Ukusukela ngoSeptemba, uSuku lweSizwe kunye noMthendeleko weMid-Autumn ufikile emva komnye. Isitokhwe esisezantsi sixhase ixabiso le-coke yesulfure ephantsi ukuba linyuke kancinci, kodwa ngokufika kwe-20 enkulu, i-downstream ifumana iimpahla ngononophelo, kwaye ixabiso le-coke ye-sulphur petroleum ephantsi ligcinwe lizinzile, kwaye ezinye izilungiso zenziwe.
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-coke yepetroli, ngo-2022, amaxabiso amandla ehlabathi aya kunyuka, amaxabiso angaphandle aya kuhlala ephezulu kwaye eguquguquka ixesha elide, iindleko zexesha elide ze-pellet coke ephezulu yesulfure ziya kuguqulwa, ukungeniswa kwe-coke yesulfure ephezulu evela eSaudi Arabia kunye ne-United States iya kuncipha, kwaye ixabiso le-petroleum coke yaseVenezuela liya kuba liphantsi, ngoko ke imarike iya kuba phantsi. Ixabiso le-coke ye-sulphur projectile ephantsi iphezulu, kwaye isalathisi semfuno ye-petroleum coke kwimarike yamafutha eglasi ilungisiwe.
Icala lokubonelela
1. Umthamo weyunithi yokulibaziseka yokupheka unyuke kancinci ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Oktobha ngo-2022. Ukutshintshwa kwamandla kwagxininiswa ngoSeptemba, xa isethi ye-500,000 yeetoni / iyunithi ye-coking yonyaka e-Shandong yanqunyanyiswa kwaye isethi ye-1.2 yezigidi zeetoni / ngonyaka iyunithi yokupheka eNyakatho-ntshona yeChina yafakwa kwimveliso.
Ii. Imveliso yepetroleum coke yaseChina ngoJanuwari-Septemba 2022 inyuke nge-2.13% xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ngoJanuwari-Septemba 2021, apho ukuzisebenzisela kuzo zonke iitoni ezingama-2,773,600, ukwanda kwe-14.88% xa kuthelekiswa nangelo xesha linye ngo-2021, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba iyunithi yokuvelisa ifakwe kwiyunithi entsha yeShando kunye neyunithi entsha yokuvelisa kwiShando entsha kaJuni. 2021 kunye noNovemba 2021, ngokulandelanayo. Ubonelelo lwepetroleum coke kwimarike lonyuke kakhulu; Nangona kunjalo, unyaka wonke, ukunyuka kwemveliso ye-petroleum coke ikakhulu kwi-coke ye-petroleum yesulphur ephakathi nephezulu, ngenxa yokunyuka kwexabiso le-oyile ekrwada kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zokusulungekiswa kweendawo zokuhluza. Ezinye iindawo zokucoca zisebenzisa i-oyile ekrwada enexabiso eliphantsi ukunciphisa iindleko, kwaye i-petroleum coke isetyenziswa njengemveliso ephuma kwiyunithi yokucoca, nto leyo ekhokelela ngokungangqalanga ekuwohlokeni kwesalathiso sisonke semarike yepetroleum coke. Ngokwezibalo zeYinfu, ukuveliswa kwe-petroleum coke ephakathi kunye nephezulu yesulfure ngoJanuwari-Septemba 2022 kunyuke nge-2.38% xa kuthelekiswa noJanuwari-Septemba 2021.
Iii. Isixa se-petroleum coke esingeniswa kumazwe angaphandle ukusuka kuJanuwari ukuya ku-Agasti ka-2022 yi-9.1273 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-5.16%. Ngokutsho kwe-Bacuan Yinfu, inani le-petroleum coke elithengiswayo lilindeleke ukuba liqhubeke nokunyuka ukusuka ngoSeptemba ukuya ekupheleni konyaka, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwe-petroleum coke ephuma ngaphandle kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke kwanda.
Icala lemfuno
I. Ngokubhekiselele kwimarike ye-aluminium carbon, ixabiso le-aluminium ye-electrolytic ekupheleni komgca liye laguquguquka phakathi kwe-18,000-19000 yuan / ton, kwaye indawo yonke yenzuzo yoshishino lwe-aluminium electrolytic isekhona. Imarike ye-aluminium ye-carbon ye-aluminium ephantsi iqala ukusebenza kwizinga eliphezulu lexesha elide, kwaye imarike yonke inemfuno efanelekileyo ye-petroleum coke. Nangona kunjalo, ixhomekeke kwindlela yokuthengisa "yokulungiswa kwexabiso elinye ngenyanga", kunye nexabiso eliphezulu lexesha elide le-petroleum coke ekrwada, okubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lweendleko kunye nokuthengwa kwemfuno.
Imarike yegraphite electrode esezantsi ithengwa kakhulu ngokwemfuno. Ukususela ngoJulayi ukuya ku-Agasti, ngenxa yempembelelo yokushisa okuphezulu, ezinye iimarike zetsimbi zinciphisa imveliso okanye ziyeke ukuvelisa. Icala lonikezelo lwamashishini egraphite electrode acuthe imveliso, okukhokelela ekwehleni okukhulu kwemfuno yemalike yegraphite electrode. Imfuno yemarike yeCarburizer izinzile; Urhulumente uxhasa ngamandla uphuhliso lweshishini elitsha lamandla. Umthamo wemveliso yemarike yezinto ze-anode uye wanda ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imfuno ye-petroleum coke inyuke kakhulu. Ukuze kugcinwe iindleko, amanye amashishini aphuhlise iinkqubo ezintsha zokutshintsha i-coke ye-petroleum coke enesulfure ephantsi kunye ne-medium-high sulfur petroleum coke, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa iindleko.
Iii. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-coke yamafutha, ixabiso lamandla ehlabathi ngo-2022 liye landa, ixabiso langaphandle liye laphakama kwaye liguquguquka ixesha elide, iindleko zexesha elide ze-pellet coke ephezulu yesulfure ziguquliwe, kunye nokusebenza kwentengiselwano kwimarike kumyinge, ngelixa imarike ye-coke ye-sulfur pellet coke izinzile.
Uqikelelo lwemarike yexesha elizayo
1. Ukusuka kwimbono yonikezelo lwepetroleum coke, unikezelo lwemarike yepetroleum coke kulindeleke ukuba luqhubeke nokukhula, kwaye amandla eeyunithi ezisanda kwakhiwa eziphehlayo kwisigaba samva kufakwa kwimveliso ngokulandelelana. Kulindeleke ukuba icoke yepetroleum ephakathi nephezulu yesulfure ilawule, kodwa uninzi lwayo kulindeleke ukuba lusetyenziselwe ukuzisebenzisa, nto leyo eya kubonelela ngezongezelelo ezilinganiselweyo kwimarike. Imfuno yamashishini asekhaya kwi-petroleum coke iza kuqhubeka isonyuka, kwaye isixa se-petroleum coke ephuma kumazwe angaphandle kulindeleke ukuba siqhubeke sikhula.
2. Ngokombono wemfuno esezantsi, i-Bachuan Yinfu iqikelela ukuba imfuno ye-petroleum coke kushishino olusezantsi luya kuqhubeka nokunyuka ekupheleni kwe-2022 kunye ne-2023. Ngaphantsi kwempembelelo yoxinzelelo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokunciphisa okulandelayo kwemveliso yeoli ekrwada yi-Saudi Arabia kunye ne-Opec, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada lilindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada lilindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada lilindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada lilindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada lilindeleke ukuba lihlale liphezulu. ekulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokunyuka, kwaye imfuno iyonke yepetroleum coke kushishino iyaqhubeka nokubonisa umkhwa okhulayo. Imarike yezinto ze-Anode utyalo-mali olutsha lukhawuleza, imfuno ye-petroleum coke kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula; Ixabiso lamalahle lilindeleke ukuba litshintshe phakathi koluhlu olulawulekayo phantsi kweempembelelo zemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe yoqoqosho olukhulu. Imfuno yentengiso yeglasi, isamente, izixhobo zombane, ii-electrode kunye ne-carburizing agents kulindeleke ukuba zihlale ziphakathi.
3. Imigaqo-nkqubo yothintelo nolawulo lobhubhane kulindeleke ukuba isenempembelelo enkulu kweminye imimandla, ngakumbi ithintele ukuthuthwa kweemoto. Umlinganiselo wamandla odityanisiweyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kulindeleke ukuba isenempembelelo kwezinye iindawo, kwaye impembelelo iyonke kwimarike kulindeleke ukuba ibe nomda.
Ngokubanzi, kulindeleke ukuba ukuphela kwe-2022 kunye ne-2023 amaxabiso e-petroleum coke aya kuhlala ephezulu kwaye eguquguqukayo. Kulindeleke ukuba elona xabiso liphezulu lepetroleum coke yi-6000-8000 yuan/toni kwicoke yesulphur ephantsi (malunga ne-0.5% sulphur), 3400-5500 yuan/toni kwicoke yesulphur ephakathi (malunga ne-3.0% yesulfure, phakathi kwe500 yesulphur, vanake (0% sulfur > 3). 500) ixabiso 2500-4000 yuan / ton, high sulfur coke (malunga 4.5% impahla jikelele) ixabiso 2000-3200 yuan / ton.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2022