Iimathiriyeli ekrwada: Zeziphi izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwekhabhoni?
Kwimveliso yekhabhoni, izinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-carbon eqinileyo kunye ne-binder kunye ne-ejenti yokumitha.
Izinto zekhabhoni eziqinileyo ziquka i-petroleum coke, i-coke ye-bituminous, i-coke ye-metallurgical, i-anthracite, i-graphite yendalo kunye ne-graphite scrap, njl.
I-Binder kunye ne-ejenti yokumitha ibandakanya i-pitch yamalahle, i-tar yamalahle, ioli ye-anthracene kunye ne-synthetic resin, njl.
Ukongezelela, ezinye izinto ezincedisayo ezifana nesanti ye-quartz, iincinci ze-coke ze-metallurgical kunye ne-coke powder nazo zisetyenziswa kwimveliso.
Ezinye iimveliso ezikhethekileyo zekhabhoni kunye ne-graphite (ezifana ne-carbon fiber, i-carbon activated, i-pyrolytic carbon kunye ne-pyrolytic graphite, i-glass carbon) ziveliswa kwezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo.
Ukubala: Yintoni i-calcination? Zeziphi iimathiriyeli ekrwada ezifuna ukubalwa?
Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu ibizwa ngokuba yi-calcination.
I-calcination yinkqubo yokuqala yonyango lokushisa kwimveliso yekhabhoni. Ukubala kubangela uluhlu lweenguqu kwisakhiwo kunye neempawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali zazo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziluhlaza zekhabhoni.
I-coke eyenza iqondo lokushisa le-bituminous coke kunye ne-metallurgical coke liphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-1000 ° C), elilingana neqondo lokushisa lomlilo we-calcining kwisityalo sekhabhoni. Ayinakuphinda ibale kwaye idinga kuphela ukomiswa ngomswakama.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-coke ye-bituminous kunye ne-petroleum coke zisetyenziswe kunye phambi kokuba zenze i-calcining, ziya kuthunyelwa kwi-calciner ukuze kufakwe i-calcining kunye ne-petroleum coke.
Igraphite yendalo kunye nekhabhoni emnyama ayifuni calcination.
Inkqubo yokubumba i-extrusion yinkqubo yokuguqulwa kweplastiki ye-paste.
Inkqubo ye-extrusion ye-paste iqhutyelwa kwigumbi lezinto eziphathekayo (okanye i-cylinder yokunamathisela) kunye nesetyhula ye-arc nozzle.
Intlama eshushu kwigumbi lokulayisha iqhutywa yi-plunger yangasemva.
I-gas kwi-paste iphoqeleka ukuba ikhutshwe ngokuqhubekayo, i-paste ihlanganiswe ngokuqhubekayo kwaye i-paste iqhubela phambili ngexesha elifanayo.
Xa i-paste ihamba kwindawo ye-cylinder yegumbi, i-paste inokuthathwa njengokuhamba okuzinzile, kwaye i-granular layer ihambelana ngokusisiseko.
Xa intlama ingena kwindawo yomlomo we-extrusion nge-arc deformation, intlama esondele eludongeni lomlomo ixhomekeke ekuxhathiseni okukhulu kwangaphambili, izinto ziqala ukugoba, intlama yangaphakathi ivelisa isantya sangaphambili esahlukileyo, ukuncamathela kwangaphakathi kwangaphambili, okukhokelela kwimveliso ecaleni koxinaniso lweradial alufani, ngoko kwibhloko ye-extrusion.
Ekugqibeleni, i-paste ingena kwi-linear deformation inxalenye kwaye ikhutshwe.
Ukugcoba yinkqubo yonyango lokushisa apho iimveliso ezixinzelelweyo zifudumala ngezinga elithile phantsi kwemeko yokwahlula umoya kwindawo yokukhusela kwisithando somlilo.
Kwinkqubo yokugcoba, ngenxa yokupheliswa kwezinto eziguqukayo, ukupheka kwe-asphalt kwenza igridi ye-coke, ukubola kunye ne-polymerization ye-asphalt, kunye nokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi enkulu ye-hexagonal ye-carbon ring plane network, njl., ukuxhathisa kwehle kakhulu. Malunga ne-10000 x 10-6 imveliso eluhlaza, i-resistivity 0-5 x 4 x 50m emva kwe-060m Ω” m, ebizwa ngokuba ziiconductors ezilungileyo.
Emva kokugcoba, imveliso iyancipha malunga ne-1% ububanzi, i-2% ubude kunye ne-2-3% yevolumu.
Noko ke, emva kokugcadiswa kweemveliso ezikrwada, inxalenye ye-asphalt yamalahle iboliswa ibe yigesi kwaye ibaleke, kwaye enye inxalenye igalela kwi-bituminous coke.
Umthamo we-coke ye-bituminous eyenziwe yincinci kakhulu kune-bitumen yamalahle. Nangona iyancipha kancinci kwinkqubo yokugcoba, iipore ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga kunye ezincinci ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo bobupore zisabumba kwimveliso.
Umzekelo, i-porosity iyonke yeemveliso ezenziwe ngegraphiti ngokubanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25-32%, kunye neemveliso zekhabhoni zihlala zi-16-25%.
Ubukho benani elikhulu le-pores liya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo iipropati ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zeemveliso.
Ngokubanzi, iimveliso zegraphiti kunye nokunyuka kwe-porosity, ukuxinana kwevolumu ehlileyo, ukonyuka kokumelana, amandla omatshini, kwiqondo elithile lobushushu besantya se-oxidation liyakhawuleza, ukuxhathisa umhlwa kuyehla, igesi kunye nolwelo lungena lula.
I-Impregnation yinkqubo yokunciphisa i-porosity, ukwandisa ukuxinana, ukwandisa amandla okunyamezela, ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwemveliso egqityiweyo, kunye nokutshintsha iimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zemveliso.
Iinjongo zayo zezi:
(1) Ukuphucula i-thermal kunye ne-conductivity yombane yemveliso.
(2) Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali zemveliso.
(3) Ukuphucula i-lubricity kunye nokunxiba ukuxhathisa kwemveliso.
(4) Susa ukungcola kwaye uphucule amandla emveliso.
Iimveliso zekhabhoni ezixinzelelweyo ezinobungakanani obuthile kunye nokumila zineedigri ezahlukeneyo zokuguqulwa kunye nomonakalo wokungqubana ngexesha lokutshisa kunye negraphitization. Ngexesha elifanayo, ezinye iifayili ziboshwe phezu kweemveliso zekhabhoni ezixinzelelweyo.
Ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokulungiswa komatshini, ngoko ke imveliso kufuneka ibunjwe kwaye iqhutywe kwimilo yejometri ecacisiweyo.
(2) Imfuneko yokusetyenziswa
Ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi zokusetyenzwa.
Ukuba i-electrode yegraphite yesithando sombane somlilo kufuneka idityaniswe, kufuneka yenziwe ibe ngumngxuma odibeneyo kuzo zombini iziphelo zemveliso, kwaye ke ii-electrode ezimbini kufuneka zidityaniswe ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo okhethekileyo.
(3) Iimfuno zobuchwepheshe
Ezinye iimveliso kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokwemilo ekhethekileyo kunye neenkcukacha ngokweemfuno zobuchwepheshe zabasebenzisi.
Noburhabaxa bomphezulu obusezantsi buyafuneka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-10-2020