Inkqubo yobugcisa eneenkcukacha ze-graphite electrode

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kudala: Zeziphi izinto ezisetyenziswa kudala ukuvelisa ikhabhoni?

Kwimveliso yekhabhoni, izinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zingahlulwa zibe zizinto eziluhlaza zekhabhoni eqinileyo kunye ne-binder kunye ne-inpregnating agent.
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwikhabhoni eqinileyo ziquka i-petroleum coke, i-bituminous coke, i-metallurgical coke, i-anthracite, i-graphite yendalo kunye ne-graphite scrap, njl.
I-binder kunye ne-agent yokufunxa ziquka i-coal pitch, i-coal tar, i-anthracene oil kunye ne-synthetic resin, njl.
Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezincedisayo ezifana nesanti ye-quartz, amasuntswana e-coke e-metallurgical kunye nomgubo we-coke nazo ziyasetyenziswa kwimveliso.
Ezinye iimveliso ezikhethekileyo zekhabhoni kunye negrafiti (ezifana ne-carbon fiber, i-activated carbon, i-pyrolytic carbon kunye ne-pyrolytic graphite, iglasi carbon) ziveliswa kwezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo.

Ukugaya iCalcination: Yintoni iCalcination? Zeziphi izinto ezifunekayo ukugaya iCalcination?

Ubushushu obuphezulu bezinto ezikrwada zekhabhoni xa zibekwe zodwa emoyeni (1200-1500°C)
Inkqubo yonyango lobushushu ibizwa ngokuba yi-calcination.
Ukwenziwa kwe-calcination yinkqubo yokuqala yonyango lobushushu kwimveliso yekhabhoni. Ukwenziwa kwe-calcination kubangela uthotho lotshintsho kwisakhiwo kunye neempawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali zazo zonke iintlobo zezinto ezikrwada zekhabhoni.
Zombini i-anthracite kunye ne-petroleum coke ziqulathe ubungakanani obuthile bezinto eziguquguqukayo kwaye kufuneka zifakwe i-calcium.
Ubushushu bokwenza i-coke ye-bituminous coke kunye ne-metallurgical coke buphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kwe-1000°C), nto leyo elingana nobushushu besithando se-calcining kwisityalo se-carbon. Ayinakuba calcinate kwaye kufuneka yomiswe kuphela ngamanzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-bituminous coke kunye ne-petroleum coke zisetyenziswa kunye ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe i-calcin, ziya kuthunyelwa kwi-calciner ukuze zifakwe i-calcin kunye ne-petroleum coke.
I-graphite yendalo kunye ne-carbon black azidingi i-calcination.
Ukwakheka: Yintoni umgaqo wokwenziwa kwe-extrusion?
Eyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yokukhupha i-paste kukuba emva kokuba i-paste idlule kwi-nozzle yesimo esithile phantsi koxinzelelo, iyaxinwa kwaye iguqulwe ngeplastiki ibe yindawo engenanto enesimo nobukhulu obuthile.
Inkqubo yokubumba i-extrusion ikakhulu yinkqubo yokuguqulwa kweplastiki ye-paste.

Inkqubo yokukhupha intlama yenziwa kwigumbi lezinto (okanye isilinda sentlama) kunye nomlomo ojikelezayo we-arc.
Intlama eshushu kwigumbi lokulayisha iqhutywa yi-plunger eyintloko yangasemva.
Igesi ekwintlama inyanzelekile ukuba ikhutshwe rhoqo, intlama iyaqhubeka ixinene kwaye intlama iya phambili ngaxeshanye.
Xa intlama ishukuma kwinxalenye yesilinda yegumbi, intlama inokuthathwa njengokuhamba okuzinzileyo, kwaye umaleko wegranular ngokusisiseko uhambelana.
Xa intlama ingena kwinxalenye ye-extrusion nozzle ene-arc deformation, intlama ekufutshane nodonga lomlomo ixhomekeke kukumelana okukhulu kokungqubana kwi-advance, izinto ziqala ukugoba, intlama engaphakathi ivelisa isantya esahlukileyo se-advance, intlama engaphakathi i-advance, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imveliso ihambe nge-radial density ingalingani, ngoko ke kwi-extrusion block.

Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olubangelwa kukutshintshatshintsha kwesantya seeleya zangaphakathi nezangaphandle luyaveliswa.
Ekugqibeleni, intlama ingena kwinxalenye ye-linear deformation kwaye ikhutshwe.
Ukubhaka
Kukuthini ukurosta? Yintoni injongo yokurosta?

Ukuroasta yinkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu apho iimveliso ezikrwada ezixineneyo zifudunyezwa ngesantya esithile phantsi kwemeko yokwahlukanisa umoya kwindawo yokukhusela ehovini.

Injongo yokuxhasa yile:
(1) Khupha ii-volatiles Kwiimveliso ezisebenzisa i-asphalt yamalahle njenge-binder, malunga ne-10% yee-volatiles zihlala zikhutshwa emva kokurosta. Ke ngoko, izinga leemveliso ezirostiweyo ngokubanzi lingaphantsi kwe-90%.
(2) Iimveliso eziluhlaza ezifakwa kwi-binder coking ziyosiwa ngokweemeko ezithile zobuchwepheshe ukuze kwenziwe i-binder coking. Inethiwekhi ye-coke yenziwa phakathi kwee-aggregate particles ukuze idibanise ngokuqinileyo yonke i-aggregate ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo bee-particles, ukuze imveliso ibe neempawu ezithile zomzimba nezekhemikhali. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, xa i-coking rate iphezulu, kokukhona umgangatho ungcono. Isantya se-coking se-asphalt yobushushu obuphakathi simalunga ne-50%.
(3) Imo yejiyometri engaguqukiyo
Kwinkqubo yokosa iimveliso eziluhlaza, kwenzeka into yokuthamba kunye nokufuduka kwe-binder. Ngokunyuka kobushushu, uthungelwano lokupheka luyakhiwa, okwenza iimveliso ziqine. Ke ngoko, imo yalo ayitshintshi njengoko ubushushu bunyuka.
(4) Yehlisa ukumelana noxinzelelo
Kwinkqubo yokosa, ngenxa yokususwa kwee-volatiles, ukucola kwe-asphalt kwenza i-coke grid, ukubola kunye nokupholisha kwe-asphalt, kunye nokwenziwa kwenethiwekhi enkulu ye-carbon ring plane, njl.njl., ukuchasana kwehla kakhulu. Malunga ne-10000 x 10-6 iimveliso ezikrwada ukuchasana kwe-Ω “m, emva kokosa nge-40-50 x 10-6 Ω” m, kuthiwa zii-conductors ezilungileyo.
(5) Ukuncitshiswa komthamo okongezelelekileyo
Emva kokuyosa, imveliso iyancipha malunga ne-1% ububanzi, ubude obuyi-2% kunye nomthamo oyi-2-3%.
Indlela yokufakelwa: Kutheni iimveliso zekhabhoni zicoliwe?
Imveliso eluhlaza emva kokubumba okucinezelweyo inemibhobho ephantsi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokubhaka iimveliso ezingavuthwanga, inxalenye ye-asphalt yamalahle iyabola ibe yigesi ize iphume, kwaye enye inxalenye iyabila ibe yi-bituminous coke.
Umthamo we-bituminous coke eveliswayo umncinci kakhulu kunowe-coal bitumen. Nangona incipha kancinci kwinkqubo yokosa, ii-pores ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga nezincinci ezinee-pore ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo zisakheka kwimveliso.
Umzekelo, i-porosity iyonke yeemveliso ezinemifanekiso ngokubanzi ifikelela kwi-25-32%, kwaye eyeemveliso zekhabhoni ngokubanzi yi-16-25%.
Ukubakho kwenani elikhulu leembobo kuya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali zeemveliso.
Ngokubanzi, iimveliso ezinemifanekiso ezine-porosity eyonyukileyo, uxinano oluphantsi lwevolumu, ukuqina okwandisiweyo, amandla oomatshini, kubushushu obuthile besantya se-oxidation kuyakhawuleziswa, ukumelana nokugqwala nako kuyawohloka, igesi kunye nolwelo kulula ukungena.
Ukufakelwa kwe-impregnation yinkqubo yokunciphisa i-porosity, ukunyusa uxinano, ukwandisa amandla okucinezela, ukunciphisa ukumelana kwemveliso egqityiweyo, kunye nokutshintsha iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali zemveliso.
Ukwenziwa kweGraphitization: Yintoni iGraphitization?
Yintoni injongo ye-graphitization?
Ukuguqulwa kwegrafiti yinkqubo yonyango lobushushu obuphezulu kusetyenziswa iimveliso ezibhakiweyo ukuze zifudumale ziye kubushushu obuphezulu kwindawo yokukhusela ye-graphitization furnace ukwenza igridi yenqwelomoya ye-athomu yekhabhoni enesiqingatha itshintshe ukusuka ekugqubaneni okungacwangciswanga kwindawo enemilinganiselo emibini ukuya ekugqubaneni ngokulungeleleneyo kwindawo enemilinganiselo emithathu kunye nesakhiwo segrafiti.

Iinjongo zayo zezi:
(1) Ukuphucula ubushushu kunye nombane wemveliso.
(2) Ukuphucula ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali kwimveliso.
(3) Phucula ukutyeba kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kwemveliso.
(4) Susa ukungcola kwaye uphucule amandla emveliso.

Ukwenziwa kweMishini: Kutheni iimveliso zekhabhoni zifuna ukwenziwa kwemishini?
(1) Isidingo sotyando lweplastiki

Iimveliso zekhabhoni ezicinezelweyo ezinobukhulu obuthile kunye nemilo ethile zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuguquguquka kunye nomonakalo wokungqubana ngexesha lokugcaka kunye ne-graphitization. Kwangaxeshanye, ezinye izizalisi zibotshelelwe kumphezulu weemveliso zekhabhoni ezicinezelweyo.
Ayinakusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokulungiswa ngoomatshini, ngoko ke imveliso kufuneka ibunjwe kwaye icutshungulwe ibe yimo ethile yejiyometri.

(2) Imfuneko yokusetyenziswa

Ngokweemfuno zomsebenzisi zokucutshungulwa.
Ukuba i-electrode yegrafiti yokwenziwa kwentsimbi yesithando sombane kufuneka idityaniswe, kufuneka yenziwe ibe ngumngxuma onemisonto kuzo zombini iziphelo zemveliso, kwaye ke ezi electrode zimbini mazidityaniswe ukuze zisetyenziswe ngejoyinti ekhethekileyo enemisonto.

(3) Iimfuno zobuchwepheshe

Ezinye iimveliso kufuneka zicutshungulwe zibe ziimo ezikhethekileyo kunye neenkcukacha ngokweemfuno zobuchwepheshe zabasebenzisi.
Kufuneka nokuba umphezulu ube rhabaxa.

Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-10-2020