Ii-electrode ze-graphite ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ngokutshintsha ii-electrode zobhedu ngee-electrode ze-graphite zokwenza i-mold, zinciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokwenziwa kwe-mold, zonyusa imveliso yabasebenzi, kwaye zinciphise iindleko zokwenziwa kwe-mold. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokungeniswa kwe-molds ezichanekileyo kunye ne-molds ezisebenzayo kakhulu (ngemijikelo ye-mold emifutshane ngakumbi), iimfuno zabantu zokuvelisa i-mold ziye zanda kakhulu. Ngenxa yemida eyahlukeneyo yee-electrode zobhedu ngokwazo, ziye zasilela ngakumbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zophuhliso lweshishini le-mold. I-Graphite, njengesixhobo se-electrode se-EDM, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini le-mold ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezifana nokusebenza okuphezulu, ubunzima obulula, ukwakheka ngokukhawuleza, izinga lokukhula eliphantsi kakhulu, ilahleko ephantsi kunye nokugquma okulula. Akunakuphepheka ukuba iya kuthatha indawo yee-electrode zobhedu.
1. Iimpawu zezixhobo zeGraphite Electrode
Umatshini wokugaya we-CNC unesantya esikhawulezayo sokucubungula, ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini kunye nokubotshwa okulula. Isantya sokucubungula koomatshini be-graphite siphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunee-electrode zobhedu, kwaye isantya sokucubungula ngokuchanekileyo simangalisa kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, amandla ayo aphezulu kakhulu. Kwii-electrode eziphezulu kakhulu (50 ukuya kwi-90mm) kunye nezincinci kakhulu (0.2 ukuya kwi-0.5mm), aziguquguquki ngexesha lokucubungula. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezininzi, iimveliso kufuneka zibe nefuthe elihle kakhulu lokuthungwa. Oku kufuna ukuba xa kusenziwa ii-electrode, kufuneka zenziwe njengee-electrode zamadoda ezidibeneyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindawo ezahlukeneyo ezifihlakeleyo zekona ngexesha lokuveliswa kwee-electrode zamadoda ezidibeneyo. Ngenxa yepropathi elula yokusika i-graphite, le ngxaki inokusonjululwa ngokulula kwaye inani lee-electrode linokuncipha kakhulu, nto leyo i-electrode zobhedu ezingenakuyifezekisa.
2. Ukwakheka kwe-EDM ngokukhawuleza, ukwanda okuncinci kobushushu kunye nokulahleka okuphantsi: Ngenxa yokuba i-graphite iqhuba umbane ngcono kuneyobhedu, izinga layo lokukhupha likhawuleza kunelobhedu, liphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunelobhedu. Ngaphezu koko, inokumelana nomsinga omkhulu ngexesha lokukhupha, nto leyo eluncedo ngakumbi kwi-rough electrical discharge machining. Okwangoku, phantsi komthamo ofanayo, ubunzima be-graphite buphindwe kayi-1/5 kuneyobhedu, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umthwalo we-EDM. Inezibonelelo ezinkulu ekwenzeni ii-electrode ezinkulu kunye nee-electrode zesilisa ezidibeneyo. Ubushushu be-sublimation be-graphite yi-4200℃, obuphindwe kathathu ukuya kane kuneyobhedu (ubushushu be-sublimation be-copper yi-1100℃). Kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, utshintsho
I-electrode yegrafiti enamandla aphezulu kakhulu
Incinci kakhulu ngesimo sayo (i-1/3 ukuya kwi-1/5 yobhedu phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zombane) kwaye ayithambi. Amandla okukhupha angadluliselwa kwindawo yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokusetyenziswa kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba amandla e-graphite ayanda ngokwenene kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, inokunciphisa ngempumelelo ilahleko yokukhupha (ukulahleka kwe-graphite yi-1/4 yobhedu), okuqinisekisa umgangatho wokucubungula.
3. Ubunzima obulula kunye nexabiso eliphantsi: Kwixabiso lemveliso yesethi yeemolds, ixesha lokugaya i-CNC, ixesha le-EDM, kunye nokuguguleka kwe-electrode yee-electrodes zibangela uninzi lwexabiso lilonke, kwaye zonke ezi zinto zimiselwa zizinto ze-electrode ngokwazo. Xa kuthelekiswa nobhedu, isantya sokugaya kunye nesantya se-EDM se-graphite zombini ziphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kunezobhedu. Okwangoku, uphawu lokuguguleka okuncinci kunye nokuveliswa kwe-electrode ye-graphite edibeneyo kunokunciphisa inani lee-electrodes, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye nexesha lokugaya lee-electrodes. Zonke ezi zinto zinokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zemveliso yeemolds.
2. Iimfuno kunye neempawu zokuSebenza kweeElectrode zeGraphite ngoMatshini nangoMbane
1. Ukuveliswa kwee-electrode: Ukuveliswa kwee-electrode zegrafiti zobungcali kusetyenziswa kakhulu izixhobo zomatshini ezikhawulezayo ukucubungula. Izixhobo zomatshini kufuneka zibe nozinzo oluhle, kunye neentshukumo ezifanayo nezizinzileyo ze-three-axis ngaphandle kokungcangcazela. Ngaphezu koko, ukuchaneka kokujikeleza kwezinto ezifana ne-main shaft kufuneka kube kuhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka. I-electrode ingacutshungulwa nakwizixhobo zomatshini ngokubanzi, kodwa inkqubo yokubhala indlela yesixhobo yahlukile kweyee-electrode zobhedu.
2. I-EDM electrical discharge machining Ii-graphite electrodes zii-carbon electrodes. Ngenxa yokuba i-graphite inombane oqhuba kakuhle, inokonga ixesha elininzi kwi-electrical discharge machining, nto leyo ekwayenye yezizathu zokuba i-graphite isetyenziswe njenge-electrode.
3. Iimpawu zokucubungula ii-Electrodes zeGraphite: Igraphite yoshishino iqinile kwaye iyaphuka, nto leyo ebangela ukuguguleka okukhulu kwizixhobo ngexesha lokugaya i-CNC. Ngokubanzi, kuyacetyiswa ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezigqunywe nge-alloy eqinileyo okanye idayimani. Xa kusetyenziswa igraphite erhabaxa, isixhobo singabekwa ngqo kwindawo yokusebenza nangaphandle kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokugaya okugqityiweyo, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esilula kunye nendlela yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokubanzi, i-graphite ayiqhekezi xa ubunzulu bokusika bungaphantsi kwe-0.2mm, kwaye umgangatho ongcono womphezulu wodonga olusecaleni unokufunyanwa. Uthuli oluveliswa ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-CNC kwi-electrodes ze-graphite lukhulu kwaye lunokungena kwiireyile zesikhokelo, izikrufu ze-lead kunye nee-spindles zesixhobo somatshini, njl. Oku kufuna ukuba isixhobo somatshini wokucubungula i-graphite sibe nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokujongana nothuli lwe-graphite, kwaye ukusebenza kokutywina kwesixhobo somatshini kufanele kube kuhle kuba i-graphite inetyhefu. I-Graphite powder yinto echaphazeleka kakhulu kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali. Ukumelana kwayo kuyatshintsha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ixabiso layo lokumelana liyahluka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho into enye ehlala ihleli: i-graphite powder yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zokuhambisa umbane ezingezizo zesinyithi. Lo gama nje i-graphite powder igcinwe kwinto yokukhusela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, njengomsonto omncinci, iya kuqhubeka nombane. Kodwa lithini ixabiso lokumelana? Akukho nani licacileyo leli xabiso, kuba ubunono be-graphite powder buyahluka, kwaye ixabiso lokumelana le-graphite powder esetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo ziya kwahluka.
Usenokungazi ukuba umgubo wegrafiti ococekileyo kakhulu ukwanazo nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo:
Ngokubanzi, irabha iyagquma. Ukuba kufuneka umbane oqhubayo, kufuneka kongezwe izinto eziqhubayo. Umgubo wegrafiti uneempawu ezibalaseleyo zokuqhubayo kombane kunye nokuthambisa i-lubricating demolding. Igrafiti icutshungulwa ibe ngumgubo wegrafiti, oneempawu ezibalaseleyo zokuthambisa kunye nokuqhubayo. Okukhona umgubo wegrafiti uphezulu, kokukhona ukusebenza kwawo kokuqhubayo kuphezulu. Iifektri ezininzi zeemveliso zerabha ezikhethekileyo zifuna irabha eqhubayo. Emva koko, ngaba umgubo wegrafiti ungongezwa kwirabha ukuze uqhube umbane? Impendulo nguewe, kodwa kukwakho nombuzo: Ingakanani ipesenti yomgubo wegrafiti kwirabha? Amanye amashishini asebenzisa ipesenti engadluli kwi-30%, esetyenziswa kwiimveliso zerabha ezingagugiyo ezifana namatayara eemoto, njl. Kukwakho neefektri zerabha ezikhethekileyo ezisebenzisa ipesenti ye-100%. Kuphela ziimveliso ezinjalo ezinokuqhuba umbane. Umgaqo osisiseko wokuqhubayo kukuba umqhubi akanakuphazanyiswa, njengocingo. Ukuba uphazamisekile embindini, awuyi kufakelwa umbane. Umgubo wegrafiti eqhubayo kwirabha eqhubayo ngumqhubi Ukuba umgubo wegrafiti uvalwe yirabha eqhubayo, awuyi kuphinda uqhube umbane. Ngoko ke, ukuba umlinganiselo womgubo wegrafiti uphantsi kakhulu, isiphumo sokuqhuba umbane sinokuba sibi kakhulu.
Umgubo wegrafiti yinto echaphazeleka kakhulu ziikhemikhali. Ukumelana kwayo kuyatshintsha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ixabiso layo lokumelana liyahluka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho into enye ehlala ihleli: umgubo wegrafiti ococekileyo kakhulu yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo zokuhambisa umbane ezingezizo ezesinyithi. Logama nje umgubo wegrafiti ugcinwe kwinto yokukhusela ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka, njengomsonto omncinci, uya kuqhubeka ufakwa umbane. Kodwa lithini ixabiso lokumelana? Akukho nani licacileyo leli xabiso, kuba ubuncinci bomgubo wegrafiti buyahluka, kwaye ixabiso lokumelana lomgubo wegrafiti osetyenziswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo nalo liya kwahluka.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-09-2025