Isakhono esisodwa seGraphite sokuqhuba umbane ngelixa sichitha okanye sihambisa ubushushu kude nezinto ezibalulekileyo kuyenza ibe yimathiriyeli enkulu yezixhobo zombane ezibandakanya i-semiconductors, iimotor zombane, kunye nokuveliswa kweebhetri zanamhlanje.
IGraphene yinto izazinzulu neenjineli eziyibiza ngokuba ngumaleko omnye wegraphite kwinqanaba leathom, kwaye le maleko ibhityileyo yegraphene iyasongwa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiinanotubes. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yokuchukumiseka kombane kunye namandla akhethekileyo kunye nokuqina kwesixhobo.
Ii-carbon nanotubes zanamhlanje zakhiwe ngomlinganiselo wobude ukuya kwi-diameter ukuya kuthi ga kwi-132,000,000:1, enkulu kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na enye into . Ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwi-nanotechnology, esentsha kakhulu kwihlabathi le-semiconductors, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba uninzi lwabavelisi begraphite benza amanqanaba athile egraphite kushishino lwesemiconductor amashumi eminyaka.
2. IiMoto zoMbane, iiGenereyitha kunye neeAlternators
Izinto zeCarbon graphite zikwasetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimotor zombane, iijenereyitha, kunye neealternators ngendlela yeebrashi zekhabhoni. Kule meko "ibrashi" sisixhobo esiqhuba ngoku phakathi kweengcingo ezimileyo kunye nokudibanisa iindawo ezihambayo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zigcinwe kwi-shaft ejikelezayo.
3. Ukufakelwa kwe-Ion
Igraphite ngoku isetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kushishino lombane. Isetyenziswa kufakelo lwe-ion, i-thermocouples, izitshixo zombane, ii-capacitors, ii-transistors, kunye neebhetri nazo.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Ion yinkqubo yobunjineli apho iiyoni zezinto ezithile zikhawuleziswa kumhlaba wombane kwaye zichaphazeleke kwenye into, njengohlobo lofakelo. Yenye yeenkqubo ezisisiseko ezisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwee-microchips kwiikhompyuter zethu zangoku, kwaye iiathom zegraphite zezinye zeentlobo zeeathom ezifakelwe kwezi microchips zisekwe kwisilicon.
Ngaphandle kwendima ekhethekileyo yegraphite ekuvelisweni kweemicrochips, izinto ezintsha ezisekelwe kwigraphite ngoku zisetyenziselwa ukufaka endaweni yecapacitors kunye neetransistors ngokunjalo. Ngokutsho kwabanye abaphandi, igraphene inokuba yinto enokwenzeka kwi-silicon ngokupheleleyo. Ibhityile kangangezihlandlo ezili-100 kuneyona transistor incinci yesilicon, iqhuba umbane ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi, kwaye ineempawu ezingaqhelekanga ezinokuba luncedo kakhulu kwikhompyuter yequantum. I-graphene ikwasetyenziswa kwii-capacitors zangoku. Enyanisweni, ii-graphene supercapacitors kucingelwa ukuba zinamandla aphindwe ngama-20x kunee-capacitors zemveli (ikhulula i-20 W/cm3), kwaye zinokuba namandla aphindwe ka-3 kunebhetri ye-lithium-ion yanamhlanje.
4. Iibhetri
Xa kuziwa kwiibhetri (iseli eyomileyo kunye ne-lithium-Ion), izinto zekhabhoni kunye negraphite ziye zaba luncedo apha. Kwimeko yesiqhelo esomileyo (iibhetri esihlala sizisebenzisa koonomathotholo bethu, iithotshi, iirimothi, kunye neewotshi), i-electrode yesinyithi okanye intonga yegraphite (i-cathode) ijikelezwe yintlama ye-electrolyte emanzi, kwaye zombini zifakwe ngaphakathi. icylinder yentsimbi .
Iibhetri zanamhlanje ze-lithium-ion zisebenzisa igraphite nazo - njenge-anode. Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezindala zisebenzisa izinto ze-graphite zendabuko, nangona kunjalo ngoku ukuba i-graphene ifumaneka ngokulula, i-graphene anodes ngoku isetyenziswa endaweni - ubukhulu becala ngenxa yezizathu ezibini; 1. I-graphene anodes ibamba amandla ngcono kwaye 2. ithembisa ixesha lokutshaja eliphindwe ka-10x ngokukhawuleza kunebhetri ye-lithium-ion yendabuko.
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinokutshajwa kwakhona ziya zithandwa kakhulu kule mihla. Ngoku zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zethu zasekhaya, ii-elektroniki eziphathwayo, iilaptops, ii-smart phones, iimoto zombane ezixutyiweyo, iimoto zomkhosi, kunye nakwi-aerospace application.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-15-2021