Zihlelwa njani izixhobo zekhabhoni?

Izinto zekhabhoni ziza ngamakhulu eentlobo kunye namawaka

iinkcukacha.

• Ngokwecandelo lezinto eziphathekayo, i-carbon material inokwahlulwa ibe yimveliso ye-carbonaceous, iimveliso ze-semi-graphitic, iimveliso ze-graphite zendalo kunye neemveliso zegraphite ezenziweyo.

• Ngokweempawu zabo, izinto zekhabhoni zinokuhlulwa zibe yi-graphite electrode kunye ne-graphite anode, i-carbon electrode kunye ne-carbon anode, i-carbon block, iimveliso zokunamathisela, iimveliso zekhabhoni ezikhethekileyo kunye ne-graphite, iimveliso zekhabhoni kumashishini omatshini kunye ne-elektroniki, i-carbon fiber kunye nezinto zayo ezidibeneyo kunye nezixhobo zekhemikhali zegraphite, njl.

• Ngokwezinto zenkonzo, izinto zekhabhoni zingahlulwa zibe yimboni ye-metallurgical, imboni ye-aluminium, imboni yeekhemikhali, imboni yomatshini kunye ne-elektroniki kunye nezinto ezintsha zekhabhoni ezisetyenziswa kumasebe aphezulu.

• Ngokwecandelo elisebenzayo, izinto zekhabhoni zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: izinto zokuqhuba, izinto zokwakha kunye nezinto ezikhethekileyo ezisebenzayo:

(1) izinto zokuqhuba. Njengesithando sombane esine-graphite electrode, i-carbon electrode, i-electrode ye-graphite yendalo, i-electrode paste kunye ne-anode paste (i-self-baking electrode), i-electrolysis nge-graphite anode, i-brush kunye ne-EDM die materials.

(2) Izinto zokwakha. Enjengendawo yokwenza umsebenzi, iziko le-ferroalloys, iziko le-carbide, elinje nge-aluminium electrolytic cell lining (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-carbonaceous refractory material), ukuncitshiswa kwereactor yenyukliya kunye nezixhobo ezibonisayo, irokethi okanye intloko ejulwayo yesebe okanye imjukujelwa yokufakwa kwemibhobho, ukuxhathisa ukubola kwezixhobo zeshishini lesinyithi, oomatshini bemizi-mveliso abangagungqiyo kunye nentsimbi enganyibilikiyo. I-crystallizer graphite lining, iSemiconductor kunye nezixhobo zokunyibilikisa ezicoceke kakhulu.
(3) izinto ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza. Njenge-biochar (i-valve yentliziyo eyenziweyo, ithambo lokufakelwa, i-tendon yokufakelwa), iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-pyrolytic carbon kunye ne-pyrolytic graphite, i-graphite ehlaziyiweyo, i-carbon fiber kunye nezinto zayo ezidibeneyo, i-graphite interlayer compounds, i-Fuller carbon kunye ne-nano carbon, njl.

• Ngokutsho kokusetyenziswa kunye nolwahlulo lwenkqubo, izinto zekhabhoni zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezili-12 ezilandelayo.

(1) Iielectrode zegraphite. Ibandakanya ikakhulu amandla aqhelekileyo e-electrode yegraphite, i-electrode yegraphite yamandla aphezulu, i-electrode ephezulu yegraphite yamandla, i-anti-oxidation coating graphite electrode, ibhloko yegraphiti, kunye ne-electrode yegraphite yendalo eveliswe ngegraphite yendalo njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada.
(2) I-anode yegraphite. Kubandakanya zonke iintlobo zesisombululo se-electrolysis kunye netyuwa etyhidiweyo ye-electrolysis esetyenziselwa i-anode plate, intonga ye-anode, i-anode enkulu ye-cylindrical (efana ne-electrolysis ye-sodium yensimbi).
(3) i-carbon electric (positive) electrode. Ubukhulu becala ibandakanya i-carbon electrode ene-anthracite ekumgangatho ophezulu njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada, i-carbon anode ene-petroleum coke njengeyona nto iphambili ye-aluminium electrolytic cell (oko kukuthi i-anode ebhakiweyo ngaphambili), kunye nezitena zegrid yekhabhoni ene-asphalt coke njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada yonikezelo lwamandla kunye noshishino lwemagnesia.
(4) uhlobo lwe-carbon block (isithando somlilo esine-carbon refractory). Ikakhulu ibandakanya i-oven block esebenzisa i-carbon block (okanye i-vibration extrusion yokubumba ibhloko yekhabhoni kunye nokuqhotsa kunye nokusebenza, ukubumba umbane wokutshisa iibhloko zekhabhoni ezitshisayo ngaxeshanye, ukubumba okanye ukubunjwa kwe-vibration emva kokuqhaqha, ukusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwe-self-baking carbon block, ibhloko yegraphite, ibhloko ye-graphite ye-semigraphite, i-graphite ibhloko ye-silica carbide, ibhlokhi ye-carbon carbon, njl. ezantsi), i-Iron alloy furnace, i-calcium carbide furnace kunye nenye i-mineral thermal electric furnace lining block block, i-graphitization furnace, i-silicon carbide furnace yokubeka umzimba we-carbon block.
(5) intlama yamalahle. Ikakhulu ibandakanya intlama ye-electrode, i-anode paste kunye ne-paste esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa okanye ukudibanisa kwi-masonry yeebhloko zekhabhoni (ezifana ne-coarse seam paste kunye ne-fine seam paste ye-masonry yeebhloko zekhabhoni kwi-blast furnace, intlama esezantsi kwi-masonry ye-aluminium electrolytic cell, njl.).
(6) ukucoceka okuphezulu, ukuxinana okuphezulu kunye negraphite yamandla aphezulu. Ikakhulu ibandakanya igraphite yococeko oluphezulu, amandla aphezulu kunye noxinaniso oluphezulu lwegraphite kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegraphite ye-isotropic.
(7) amalahle akhethekileyo kunye negraphite. Ngokukodwa ibandakanya i-pyrolytic carbon kunye ne-pyrolytic graphite, i-porous carbon kunye ne-graphite e-porous, i-glass carbon kunye ne-graphite ehlaziyiweyo.
(8) ikhabhoni ekwaziyo ukunxiba kunye negraphite ekwaziyo ukunxiba kwishishini lomatshini. Ibandakanya ikakhulu amakhonkco okutywina, iibheringi, amakhonkco episton, izilayidi kunye neeblade zoomatshini abajikelezayo abasetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezininzi zoomatshini.
(9) Iimveliso zamalahle kunye negraphite ngeenjongo zombane. Ibandakanya ikakhulu ibhrashi yemoto yombane kunye nejenereyitha, isilayidi sepantograph yetroli yebhasi kunye nelocomotive yombane, isixhasi sekhabhoni solawulo oluthile lombane, iinxalenye zekhabhoni zokuhambisa umnxeba, i-arc carbon rod, i-carbon arc gouging carbon rod kunye nebhetri ye-carbon rod, njl.
(10) izixhobo zeekhemikhali zegraphite (ekwaziwa ngokuba yigraphite enganyibilikiyo). Ibandakanya ikakhulu abatshintshi bobushushu, iitanki zokusabela, i-condensers, iinqaba zokufunxa, iimpompo zegraphite kunye nezinye izixhobo zekhemikhali.
(11) I-carbon fiber kunye ne-composites yayo. Ikakhulu ibandakanya iintlobo ezintathu zefiber yangaphambili, ifayibha yekhabhoni kunye nefiber yegraphitized, kunye nefayibha yekhabhoni kunye neentlaka ezahlukeneyo, iiplastiki, iiseramikhi, isinyithi kunye nezinye iindlela zeemveliso zemathiriyeli edibeneyo.
(12) I-graphite interlaminar ikhompawundi (ekwaziwa ngokuba yigraphite edibeneyo). Kukho ubukhulu becala igraphite eguquguqukayo (oko kukuthi, igraphite eyandisiweyo), i-graphite-halogen interlaminar ikhompawundi kunye ne-graphite-metal interlaminar ikhompawundi ezi-3. Igraphite eyandisiweyo eyenziwe kwigraphite yendalo isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengezinto zegasket.