Itekhnoloji yokugquma ii-electrode ze-graphite, ingakumbi ii-antioxidant coatings, yandisa ubomi bazo benkonzo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ze-physicochemical. Imigaqo ephambili kunye neendlela zobugcisa zichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I. Iindlela eziphambili zokugcoba i-Antioxidant
1. Ukwahlulwa kweegesi ezikhupha i-oxidizing
Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, imiphezulu ye-graphite electrode inokufikelela kwi-2,000–3,000°C, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ii-oxidation reactions ezinamandla kunye ne-oxygen yomoya (C + O₂ → CO₂). Oku kwenza i-50–70% yokusetyenziswa kwe-electrode ecaleni. Ii-antioxidant coatings zenza iileya ezixineneyo ze-ceramic okanye ze-metal-ceramic composite ukuze zithintele ngempumelelo ukudibana kwe-oxygen ne-graphite matrix. Umzekelo:
Iingubo ze-RLHY-305/306: Sebenzisa izakhiwo ze-nano-ceramic fish-scale ukwenza inethiwekhi yeglasi kubushushu obuphezulu, ukunciphisa ii-coefficients zokusasazwa kweoksijini ngaphezulu kwe-90% kunye nokwandisa ubomi be-electrode nge-30–100%.
Iingubo zeSilicon-Boron Aluminate-Aluminum Multilayer Coatings: Sebenzisa i-flame spray ukwakha izakhiwo ze-gradient. Umaleko we-aluminium wangaphandle umelana namaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1,500°C, ngelixa umaleko we-silicon wangaphakathi ugcina umbane uqhuba, unciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode nge-18–30% kuluhlu lwe-750–1,500°C.
2. Ukuziphilisa kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo lobushushu
Iingubo kufuneka zinyamezele uxinzelelo lobushushu oluvela kwimijikelo yokwandiswa/ukucutheka okuphindaphindiweyo. Uyilo oluphambili luzilungisa ngokwalo ngoku:
IiNano-Oxide Ceramic Powder-Graphene Composites: Zenza iifilimu ze-oxide ezixineneyo ngexesha le-oxidation yesigaba sokuqala ukuzalisa ii-microcracks kunye nokugcina ukuthembeka kwe-coating.
Izakhiwo zePolyimide-Boride Bilayer: Umaleko wangaphandle wepolyimide ubonelela ngobushushu bombane, ngelixa umaleko wangaphakathi weboride ubangela ifilimu ekhuselayo. I-elastic modulus gradient (umz., ehla ukusuka kwi-18 GPa kumaleko wangaphandle ukuya kwi-5 GPa kumaleko wangaphakathi) inciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu.
3. Ukuhamba kwegesi kunye nokutywina okulungiselelweyo
Iitekhnoloji zokugquma zihlala zidityaniswa nezinto ezintsha zesakhiwo, ezinje:
Uyilo lweMingxunya Enemingxuma: Izakhiwo ezinemingxuma emincinci ngaphakathi kwee-electrode, zidityaniswe nemikhono yokukhusela ngerabha ejikelezayo, zonyusa ukutywinwa kwamalungu kwaye zinciphisa iingozi ze-oxidation kwindawo ethile.
Ukufunxwa ngeVacuum: Kungena kwi-SiO₂ (≤25%) kunye ne-Al₂O₃ (≤5.0%) kwii-electrode pores, kwenze umaleko okhuselayo we-3–5 μm ophinda kathathu ukuxhathisa ukugqwala.
II. Iziphumo zokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso
1. Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi ye-Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Electrode okuncitshisiweyo ngeToni nganye yentsimbi: Ii-electrode eziphathwe nge-antioxidant zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa ukusuka kwi-2.4 kg ukuya kwi-1.3–1.8 kg/ton, oku kukunciphisa ngama-25–46%.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi: Ukumelana nombane kwehla ngama-20–40%, okuvumela uxinano lwamandla aphezulu kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zobubanzi be-electrode, nto leyo enciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngakumbi.
2. Imveliso yeSilicon ye-Arc Furnace engaphantsi komhlaba (SAF)
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Electrode eZinzisiweyo: Ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode ye-silicon ngetoni nganye kuyehla ukusuka kwi-130 kg ukuya kwi-100 kg, ukwehla okungu-30%.
Uzinzo oluphuculweyo lweSakhiwo: Ubuninzi bomthamo buhlala bungaphezulu kwe-1.72 g/cm³ emva kweeyure ezingama-240 zokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo kwi-1,200°C.
3. Izicelo zeSithando soMbane sokuxhathisa
Ukuqina kobushushu obuphezulu: Ii-electrode ezicociweyo zibonisa ulwandiso lobomi obuyi-60% kwi-1,800°C ngaphandle kokwahlulwa okanye ukuqhekeka kwengubo.
III. Ipharamitha yoBugcisa kunye noThelekiso lweNkqubo
| Uhlobo lobuchwephesha | Izinto zokugquma | Iiparameter zeNkqubo | Ukwanda kwexesha lokuphila | Imizekelo yesicelo |
| Iingubo ze-Nano-ceramic | I-RLHY-305/306 | Ubukhulu besitshizi: 0.1–0.5 mm; ubushushu bokomisa: 100–150°C | 30–100% | Ii-EAF, ii-SAF |
| Iileya ezininzi ezitshizwe ngelangatye | I-silicon-boron aluminate-aluminium | Umaleko wesilicon: 0.25–2 mm (2,800–3,200°C); umaleko wealuminiyam: 0.6–2 mm | 18–30% | Ii-EAF ezinamandla aphezulu |
| Ukufunxwa kwe-vacuum + ukugquma | ulwelo oludityanisiweyo lwe-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-P₂O₅ | Unyango lwe-vacuum: imizuzu eli-120; ukufunxa: iiyure ezi-5–7 | 22–60% | Ii-SAF, izitofu zokumelana |
| Iingubo ezincinci zokuziphilisa | I-Nano-oxide ceramic + i-graphene | Ukulungiswa kwe-infrared: iiyure ezi-2; ubunzima: HV520 | 40–60% | Ii-EAF zePremium |
IV. Uhlalutyo lweTekhnoloji noQoqosho
1. Iindleko-Inzuzo
Unyango lokugquma lubangela i-5–10% yeendleko ze-electrode zizonke kodwa lwandisa ubomi benkonzo ngama-20–60%, nto leyo enciphisa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko ze-electrode ngetoni nganye yentsimbi nge-15–30%. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuyehla nge-10–15%, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi iindleko zemveliso.
2. Iingenelo zeNdalo nezeNtlalo
Ukuncipha kokutshintshwa kwe-electrode kunciphisa amandla kunye nemingcipheko yabasebenzi (umz., ukutsha okushisa kakhulu).
Ihambelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yokonga umbane, inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO₂ nge-~0.5 yeetoni ngetoni nganye yentsimbi ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi kwe-electrode.
Isiphelo
Iitekhnoloji zokugquma i-graphite electrode ziseka inkqubo yokukhusela enamaleko amaninzi ngokuzahlula ngokwasemzimbeni, ukuzinzisa iikhemikhali, kunye nokwenza ngcono ulwakhiwo, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukuqina kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezikhupha i-oxidation. Indlela yobugcisa iguqukele ekubeni ziingubo ezinemaleko enye ukuya kwizakhiwo ezidibeneyo kunye nezinto eziziphilisayo. Ukuqhubela phambili kwixesha elizayo kwi-nanotechnology kunye nezixhobo ezilinganisiweyo kuya kuphakamisa ukusebenza kwengubo, kubonelele ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo ngakumbi kumashishini anobushushu obuphezulu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-01-2025