I-Cnooc (Qingdao) iZiko loPhando lweTekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji ye-Oli enzima Co., LTD
ITekhnoloji yoLondolozo lweZixhobo, iNkupho yama-32, ngo-2021
Inkcazo: Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwesayensi kunye neteknoloji yaseTshayina lukhuthaze uphuhliso lwamacandelo ahlukeneyo oluntu. Kwangaxeshanye, ukwandise ngempumelelo amandla ethu oqoqosho namandla esizwe ngokubanzi. Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo ye-steelmaking yesekethe, i-coke yenaliti isetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni i-electrode yegraphite. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kweemveliso zebhetri ye-lithium, kunye nakwishishini lamandla enyukliya kunye nemimandla yeenqwelomoya. Ngokukhuthazwa kwemvelaphi yesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukulungiswa okuqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kweteknoloji yokwenza i-steelmaking yombane iye yakhuthazwa, kwaye imigangatho ehambelanayo kunye neemfuno ze-coke yenaliti kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa ihlaziywa rhoqo, ukwenzela ukuba ukuthobela iimfuno zophuhliso lwemveliso yoluntu. Ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, inaliti ye-coke yahlulwe ngochungechunge lwepetroleum kunye nochungechunge lwamalahle. Ngokweziphumo ezithile zesicelo, kunokubonwa ukuba i-petroleum series inaliti ye-coke inomsebenzi onamandla wemichiza kunothotho lwamalahle. Kweli phepha, sifunda imeko yangoku yemarike yepetroleum yogxininiso lwenaliti kunye neengxaki kuphando kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa itekhnoloji efanelekileyo, kwaye sihlalutye ubunzima kuphuhliso lwemveliso kunye nobunzima obunxulumene nobuchule be-petroleum yokugxila kwinaliti.
I. Intshayelelo
Inaliti ye-coke idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni i-electrode yegraphite. Ukusuka kwimeko yophuhliso lwangoku, amazwe angaphandle aphuhlileyo anje nge-United States kunye neJapan aqale kwangethuba kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwenaliti ye-coke, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji efanelekileyo kuthanda ukuba kukhula, kwaye baye babamba itekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-core. inaliti yepetroleum coke. Ngokuthelekisa, uphando oluzimeleyo kunye nokuveliswa kwenaliti kugxininiso lweoyile luqala emva kwexesha. Kodwa ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loqoqosho lwethu lwentengiso, ukukhuthaza ukwanda okubanzi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yoshishino, uphando kunye nophuhliso lwenaliti kugxininiso lweoyile lwenze impumelelo kwiminyaka yamva nje, ukuqonda imveliso yemizi-mveliso. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho izikhewu kumgangatho kunye nesiphumo sokusetyenziswa xa kuthelekiswa neemveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukucacisa imeko yangoku yophuhliso lwemarike kunye nobunzima bobugcisa kwinkqubo yepetroleum.
Ii. Intshayelelo kunye nohlalutyo lokusetyenziswa kwe-petroleum inaliti ye-coke iteknoloji
(1) Uhlalutyo lwemeko yophuhliso lwangoku lwe-petroleum inaliti coke ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe
Itekhnoloji yepetroleum yenaliti yecoke yavela eUnited States ngeminyaka yoo-1950. Kodwa ilizwe lethu livuliwe ngokusemthethweni
Uphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nokwenziwa kwepetroleum needling coke lwaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980. Phantsi kwenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe wophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso, amaziko ophando aseTshayina aqala ukwenza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo kwi-petroleum needling coke kwaye ehlala ephonononga kwaye ephanda ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo. Ukongeza, kwiminyaka yee-1990, ilizwe lethu ligqibe uphando oluninzi lovavanyo malunga nokulungiswa kwenkqubo yepetroleum egxile kwinaliti, kwaye yafaka isicelo sobuchwephesha obufanelekileyo bepatent. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenkxaso yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe efanelekileyo, iAkhademi ezininzi zasekhaya zeSayensi kunye namashishini anxulumeneyo atyale imali kuphando nophuhliso kwaye akhuthaza uphuhliso lwemveliso kunye nemveliso ngaphakathi kolu shishino. Inqanaba lophando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-petroleum inaliti-coke nayo iphucula ngokuqhubekayo. Esona sizathu siphambili sale nto kukuba kukho imfuno enkulu yasekhaya yepetroleum inaliti-coke. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwasekhaya kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yemarike, inxalenye enkulu yemarike yasekhaya ihlala kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ngokujonga imeko yangoku yophuhliso, nangona ugxininiso lwangoku kunye nengqalelo kwi-petroleum inaliti-focus kuphando lwethekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kuyanda, ngokwenqanaba lophando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso, kukho ubunzima obenza uphando lobuchwephesha obufanelekileyo. nemiqobo yophuhliso, nto leyo ekhokelela kumsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwelizwe lethu namazwe aphuhlileyo.
(2) Uhlalutyo lwesicelo sobugcisa samashishini e-petroleum inaliti ye-coke yasekhaya
Ngokusekelwe kuhlalutyo lomgangatho wemveliso yasekhaya nangaphandle kunye nesiphumo sesicelo, kunokubonwa ukuba umahluko phakathi kwabo kumgangatho we-petroleum inaliti ye-coke ikakhulu ngenxa yokwahlukana kwezalathisi ezimbini zokwandiswa kwe-thermal coefficient kunye nokusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle, leyo. ibonisa umahluko kumgangatho wemveliso [1]. Lo msantsa womgangatho ubangelwa ikakhulu bubunzima bemveliso kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Idityaniswe nenkqubo ethile yokuvelisa kunye nomxholo we-petroleum yenaliti ye-coke, iteknoloji yokuvelisa i-core ikakhulu inqanaba lonyango lwangaphambili lwemathiriyeli ekrwada. Okwangoku, kuphela i-Shanxi Hongte Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel (Anshan) kunye neJinzhou Petrochemical baye baqaphela imveliso yobuninzi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iJinzhou Petrochemical Company yemveliso kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa inaliti yepetroleum ikhulile, amandla okusebenza kwesixhobo aphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye iimveliso ezinxulumene nazo eziveliswayo zinokufikelela kwinqanaba eliphakathi kunye neliphezulu kwimarike, engasetyenziselwa phezulu. -amandla okanye i-ultra-high-power yokwenza i-electrode yentsimbi.
Iii. Uhlalutyo lwemarike yasekhaya yepetroleum yenaliti yecoke
(1) Ngokukhawuleza kweshishini, imfuno yenaliti ye-coke iyanda imihla ngemihla
Ilizwe lethu lilizwe elikhulu lemveliso yemizi-mveliso ehlabathini, eligqitywe ikakhulu yindlela yolwakhiwo lwemizi-mveliso yethu.
Imveliso yentsimbi nentsimbi ikwangomnye wamashishini abalulekileyo ukukhuthaza uphuhliso loqoqosho lwethu. Ngaphantsi kwale mvelaphi, imfuno yokufunwa iyanda yonke imihla. Kodwa okwangoku, uphando lwethu lobugcisa kunye nenqanaba lophuhliso kunye nomthamo wemveliso awuhambelani nemfuno yemarike. Esona sizathu sikukuba kukho amashishini ambalwa agxile kwinaliti yepetroleum anokuvelisa imigangatho yomgangatho, kwaye nomthamo wemveliso awuzinzanga. Nangona uphando lweteknoloji efanelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi wophuhliso uhambela phambili ngoku, kodwa ufuna ukuhlangabezana namandla aphezulu okanye i-electrode ephezulu yegraphite yamandla kwaye kukho umsantsa omkhulu, okhokelela kwimiqobo ekulawuleni umgangatho weemveliso zepetroleum ezigxilwe kwinaliti. Okwangoku, imarike ye-coke yokulinganisa inaliti yahlulwe yaba yi-petroleum-inaliti yokulinganisa i-coke kunye ne-coke yokulinganisa inaliti yamalahle. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-petroleum inaliti-umlinganiselo we-coke ingaphantsi kancinane kune-coke yokulinganisa inaliti yamalahle nokuba kubungakanani bophuhliso lweprojekthi okanye kwinqanaba lophuhliso, nesesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuthintela ukwandiswa okusebenzayo kwe-coke yokulinganisa inaliti yaseTshayina. Kodwa kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba leteknoloji yemveliso yentsimbi, imveliso yentsimbi kunye nemfuno yokuvelisa i-electrode ye-graphite ye-ultra-high iyanda. Oku kukwaqaqambisa ukuba ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwinqanaba lophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kunye nokukhawuleziswa kwenkqubo yoshishino, imfuno yenaliti yenaliti iya kuba nkulu ngakumbi.
(2) Uhlahlelo lwexabiso elidadayo kwimarike yenaliti yecoke
Ngokwenqanaba langoku lophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kunye nohlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo semizi-mveliso kunye nomxholo wemizi-mveliso welizwe lethu, kufumaniseka ukuba uthotho lwepetroleum yokulinganisa inaliti ilungele ilizwe lethu kunothotho lwamalahle okulinganisa inaliti, eya kuthi. ngakumbi ukukhulisa imeko yasekhaya yokungalingani phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno yokulinganisa inaliti, ukuze kulungiswe imeko yokungalingani phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno yenkqubo yepetroleum, sinokuthembela kuphela ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe. Ukususela kuhlalutyo lweempawu zokuguquguquka kwexabiso leemveliso ezivela kumazwe angaphandle kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunokubonwa ukuba ixabiso leemveliso ze-petroleum zenaliti ye-coke liye lakhula ukususela ngo-2014. ixabiso, inaliti yepetroleum coke iya kuba yindawo entsha yotyalo-mali kushishino lwenaliti coke China [2].
Okwesine, inaliti yethu yeoyile igxile kuphando kunye nophuhliso kunye nohlalutyo lobunzima betekhnoloji yemveliso
(1) Uhlalutyo lobunzima bonyango lwangaphambili
Ngokuhlalutya yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokwenziwa kwe-petroleum inaliti-coke, kunokubonwa ukuba, ukulungiselela ukunyangwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, i-petroleum yeyona nto iphambili ekrwada, ngenxa yobunzulu bemithombo yepetroleum, ioyile ekrwada kufuneka kwembiwa ngaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye i-oyile ekrwada yepetroliyamu kwilizwe lethu iya kusebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zokukhuthaza inkqubo yokwembiwa kunye nokulungiswa, ukuze kubekho umlinganiselo othile wokungcola kwiimveliso zepetroleum. Le ndlela yonyango iya kuzisa iziphumo ezibi kwimveliso ye-petroleum inaliti coke. Ukongeza, ukubunjwa kwepetroleum ngokwayo ininzi i-aliphatic hydrocarbon, umxholo we-hydrocarbon enuka kamnandi uphantsi, obangelwa ziimpawu zemithombo yepetroleum ekhoyo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuveliswa kwe-coke ye-petroleum ye-petroleum ephezulu kuneemfuno ezingqongqo zemathiriyeli ekrwada, kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu womxholo we-hydrocarbon enevumba elimnandi, kwaye ukhetha isulfure ephantsi, i-oksijini, i-asphaltene kunye nezinye i-petroleum njengezinto eziluhlaza, ezifuna ukuba iqhezu elikhulu. yesulfure ingaphantsi kwe-0.3%, kwaye inxalenye enkulu ye-asphaltene ingaphantsi kwe-1.0%. Nangona kunjalo, ngokusekwe ekubhaqweni nasekuhlalutyweni kokwakhiwa kwasekuqaleni, kufunyaniswe ukuba uninzi lweoyile ekrwada esetyenzisiweyo kwilizwe lethu yeyeoli ekrwada yesulfure ephezulu, kunye nokunqongophala kweoyile ilungele ukuveliswa kwenaliti ene-hydrocarbon ephezulu enevumba elimnandi. umxholo. Kunzima kakhulu kwezobugcisa ukususa ukungcola kwioli. Ngeli xesha, i-Jinzhou Petrochemical, ekhule ngakumbi kwi-R&D kunye nemveliso ngoku, ifuna imathiriyeli ekrwada efanele ukuveliswa kwe-coke enenaliti kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenzwa kwe-coke yepetroleum ejolise kwinaliti. Ukunqongophala kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokungazinzi komgangatho yenye yezinto eziphambili ezithintela ukuzinza komgangatho we-coke enenaliti [3]. Shandong Yida New Material Co., Ltd. yenzelwe kwaye yamkelwa pretreatment izinto ekrwada iyunithi yemveliso petroleum inaliti coke
Kwangaxeshanye, kwasetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokususa i-particle eqinileyo. Ukongeza kokukhetha ioli enzima efanelekileyo ukuveliswa kwenaliti ye-coke, izinto ezinobungozi kwizinto eziluhlaza zisuswe ngaphambi kokupheka.
(2) Uhlalutyo lobunzima bobugcisa kwinkqubo yokulibaziseka yokupheka ye-petroleum inaliti ye-coke
Ukusebenza kwemveliso yenaliti ye-coke kunzima kakhulu, kwaye kukho iimfuno eziphezulu ekulawuleni utshintsho lobushushu bendalo kunye noxinzelelo lokusebenza kwinkqubo ethile yokucubungula. Ngomnye wobunzima kwinkqubo yokupheka yokuvelisa i-coke yenaliti ukuba uxinzelelo, ixesha kunye nobushushu be-coke bunokulawulwa ngokwenene ngokwesayensi nangengqiqo, ukwenzela ukuba ixesha lokuphendula likwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukulungiswa okungcono kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweeparamitha zenkqubo yokupheka kunye nemigangatho ethile yokusebenza nayo inokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso yenaliti ye-coke.
Injongo ephambili yokusebenzisa isithando somlilo sokutshintsha ubushushu kukuqhuba umsebenzi osemgangathweni ngokuhambelana nomgangatho kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-coke yenaliti ukwenzela ukuba ubushushu be-ambient bufikelele kwiiparamitha ezifunekayo. Ngapha koko, inkqubo yokutshintsha ubushushu kukukhuthaza ukusabela kokupheka kunokwenziwa kwindawo ecothayo nesezantsi yobushushu ngelixa ilibazisa ukusabela kokupheka, ukuze kuphunyezwe ukugquma okumnandi, kuqinisekiswe ulungelelwaniso olucwangcisiweyo lweemolekyuli, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyakwazi. ziqhelaniswe kwaye ziqiniswe phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo, kwaye zikhuthaze uzinzo lukarhulumente. Isithando sokufudumala singumsebenzi obalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokuvelisa i-petroleum inaliti coke, kwaye kukho iimfuno ezithile kunye nemigangatho yemilinganiselo ethile yomgangatho wokushisa, ongenakukwazi ukuba ngaphantsi komda ophantsi we-476 ℃ kwaye awukwazi ukudlula umda ophezulu we-500. ℃. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba eziko lobushushu eguquguqukayo isixhobo enkulu kunye nezibonelelo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ukufana umgangatho inqaba nganye inaliti coke: inqaba nganye kwinkqubo yokondla, ngenxa yobushushu. , uxinzelelo, isantya somoya kunye nezinye izinto zitshintshwa, ngoko ke i-coke tower emva kwe-coke ayilingani, iphakathi kunye nomgangatho ophantsi. Indlela yokusombulula ngempumelelo ingxaki yomgangatho ofanayo we-coke yenaliti nayo enye yeengxaki ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ekuveliseni inaliti ye-coke.
5. Uhlalutyo lwesikhokelo sophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwe-petroleum inaliti coke
(a) Ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo komgangatho wepetroleum system yasekhaya inaliti
Itekhnoloji kunye nentengiso yokugxila kwinaliti iye yalawulwa yi-United States neJapan. Okwangoku, kwimveliso yangempela ye-coke yenaliti e-China, kusekho iingxaki, ezifana nomgangatho ongazinzanga, amandla e-coke aphantsi kunye ne-powder coke eninzi. Nangona i-coke yenaliti eveliswayo isetyenziselwe ukuveliswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye ne-ultra-high-high-power graphite electrode ngobuninzi obukhulu, ayinakusetyenziswa ekuveliseni i-electrode ye-graphite ye-diameter ye-ultra-high-high-power eninzi ngobuninzi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando lwethu kunye nophuhliso lokugxila kwinaliti aluzange luyeke, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso uya kuqhubeka uphucula. Shanxi Hongte Coal Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel Amalahle umlinganiselo inaliti coke, Jinzhou Petrochemical Co., LTD. Iiyunithi ze-oyile zeenaliti ze-coke ziye zafikelela kwi-40,000-50,000 yeetoni / isikali sonyaka, kwaye zinokubaleka ngokuzinzileyo, ziphucule rhoqo umgangatho.
(2) Imfuno yasekhaya yepetroleum inaliti coke iyaqhubeka ikhula
Ukuphuhliswa koshishino lwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kufuna inani elikhulu lama-electrode anamandla aphezulu kunye ne-electrodes yamandla aphezulu. Kulo mxholo, imfuno ye-naliti ye-coke ye-electrode yamandla aphezulu kunye nemveliso ye-electrode yamandla aphezulu ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kuqikelelwa malunga neetoni ezingama-250,000 ngonyaka. Imveliso yentsimbi yesithando sombane e-China ingaphantsi kwe-10%, kwaye imveliso ye-avareji yehlabathi yentsimbi yesithando sombane ifikelele kwi-30%. Intsimbi yethu yentsimbi ifikelele kwi-160 yezigidi zeetoni. Ngokwemeko yangoku kwixesha elide, ukuphuhliswa kwesithando somlilo sombane akunakuphepheka, ukunqongophala kwenaliti ye-coke yokunikezelwa kuya kuba yinto engenakugwemeka. Ngoko ke, amanyathelo kufuneka athathwe ukwandisa umthombo wezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokuphucula indlela yokuvelisa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso.
(3) Ukwandiswa kweemfuno zemarike kukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwenqanaba leteknoloji yeR&D yasekhaya
Umsantsa kumgangatho kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno yokutshisa inaliti kufuna ukukhawuleza ekuphuhliseni i-naliti-srch. Ngexesha lophuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kwenaliti yokutshisa, abaphandi baye baqonda ngakumbi nangakumbi ubunzima kwimveliso yokutshisa inaliti, ukwandisa iinzame zophando, kunye nokwakha izibonelelo zovavanyo ezincinci kunye nomqhubi wokufumana idatha yovavanyo ukukhokela imveliso. Itekhnoloji yokucubungula i-coke yenaliti ihlala iphuculwa ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo. Ngokwembono yezinto ezikrwada kunye neendlela zokuvelisa, ukunqongophala kwe-oyile yehlabathi kunye nokwanda kwe-sulfure umxholo wokuthintela uphuhliso lwe-oyile yenaliti ye-coke. Isixhobo esitsha sokuvelisa imveliso ye-oyile yochungechunge lwenaliti ye-oyile yakhiwe yaza yasetyenziswa e-Shandong Yida New Material Co., LTD., kunye neyona nto ibalaseleyo ye-oyile yeenaliti zeenaliti iye yaveliswa, eya kuphucula ngokufanelekileyo umgangatho kunye nemveliso yeoli inaliti ye-coke.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-07-2022