I-Graphitized Petroleum Coke: "Ukumkani" Phakathi Kwee-Carburizing Agents

I-graphitized petroleum coke ithathwa njenge "kumkani" phakathi kwee-carburizing agents ngenxa yobunyulu bayo obuphezulu, i-crystallinity ephezulu, izinga elihle lokufunxa, kunye nozinzo, ebonisa ixabiso elingenakutshintshwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana ne-metallurgy, imveliso ye-graphite, kunye noshishino lomkhosi. Olu hlalutyo lulandelayo lwenziwa kwiinkalo ezintathu: iimpawu eziphambili, iingenelo zenkqubo, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa.

I. Iimpawu eziphambili: "Ii-Royal Genes" zeGraphitized Petroleum Coke

Ubunyulu Obuphezulu kunye Nokungcola Okuphantsi

I-graphitized petroleum coke ifumana unyango lwe-graphitization lobushushu obuphezulu kwi-2200 – 2600℃, nto leyo esusa uninzi lwezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana nesalfure, initrogen, kunye nothuthu. Umxholo wayo wekhabhoni ozinzileyo ufikelela kwi-80% – 92%, kunye nomxholo wesalfure uphantsi njenge-≤0.1% kunye nomxholo wenitrogen ≤0.5%. Olu phawu lococeko oluphezulu luqinisekisa ukuba aluzisi izinto eziyingozi ngexesha lenkqubo ye-carburizing, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu umgangatho wentsimbi. Umzekelo, ekwenzeni intsimbi, umxholo wesalfure ophantsi unokunciphisa imeko "yokuqhaqhazela okushushu" kwaye wonyuse ukuxhathisa kunye nokumelana nempembelelo yentsimbi.

Ubukhali obuphezulu kunye nozinzo

Inkqubo ye-graphitization ihlela ii-athomu zekhabhoni zibe yi-microstructure eqhelekileyo ye-graphite, zenze isakhiwo se-high-crystallinity. Esi sakhiwo sizinzile ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye asichaphazeleki kakhulu yi-oxidation kunye nokuwohloka, okuqinisekisa isiphumo esihlala ixesha elide se-carburization. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-petroleum coke engafakwanga i-graphitized isengozini yokubola kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni izinga lokufunxwa kwekhabhoni.

Ulwakhiwo olunemingxuma kunye ne-High Reactivity

I-graphitized petroleum coke inesakhiwo esinemingxuma esinendawo enkulu ethile, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ikwazi ukudibana ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibole kwi-iron okanye i-steel melts ukuze yenze ii-nuclei, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu izinga lokufunxwa kwekhabhoni. Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba isiphumo sayo sokufunxwa silingana nesee-carburizing agents ezisekelwe kumalahle ezinomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-90%, kodwa inesantya sokusabela ngokukhawuleza, esinokunciphisa ixesha lokunyibilikisa nge-10% ukuya kwi-15%, nto leyo efezekisa ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa.

II. Iingenelo zeNkqubo: Ukuguqula iLitye libe yiGolide ngoNyango lweGraphitization

Ukulungiswa Kokulungiswa Kwemolekyuli

Unyango lwe-graphitization lwandisa isithuba phakathi kwee-athomu zekhabhoni, lwenza isakhiwo sekristale esinama-hexagonal esilungele ukubola. Esi sakhiwo sinokukhupha ngokukhawuleza ii-athomu zekhabhoni kwi-iron melts, sikhuthaze i-graphite nucleation kwaye siphucule i-graphite morphology ye-cast iron (njengokwandisa inani le-spheroidal graphite), ngaloo ndlela siphucula iipropati zoomatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-castings.

Ibhalansi phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

Nangona unyango lwe-graphitization lufuna ukusetyenziswa kwamandla obushushu obuphezulu, izinga layo eliphezulu lokufunxa kunye nokuzinza kunokunciphisa ubungakanani be-carburizing agent esetyenziswayo (ngesiqhelo ngama-20% - 30% ngaphantsi kune-carburizing agents ezisekelwe kumalahle) kwaye kuncitshiswe ilahleko zexesha lokungasebenzi kwemveliso ezibangelwa kukulungiswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwezakhi zezixhobo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ixabiso lilonke liphantsi, kwaye linokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso ngokuthe chu.

III. Imeko zokusetyenziswa: "Umdlali opheleleyo" ukusuka kwiMetallurgy ukuya kwiTekhnoloji ePhakamileyo

Ishishini leMetallurgical: Isiqinisekiso esiphindwe kabini sokuphucula iCarburization kunye nokuphucula umgangatho

• Ukwenza intsimbi: Ngokwandisa ubungakanani bentsimbi elahliweyo nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yehagu, kudityaniswe ne-carburization kusetyenziswa i-graphitized petroleum coke, iindleko ze-castings zingancitshiswa nge-10% - 20%, ngelixa kuphuculwa ubunyulu kunye neempawu zoomatshini zentsimbi.
• Ukuphosa: Kuphucula imo yegrafiti kunye nomgangatho we-nodularity, kwandisa ubomi benkonzo yokuphosa. Umzekelo, ekuphoseni iibhloko zesilinda zenjini yemoto, ukusetyenziswa kwe-graphitized petroleum coke kunokunyusa ukumelana nokudinwa kwe-castings nge-15% - 20%.

Imveliso yeGraphite: Ilitye lembombo lezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu

I-graphitized petroleum coke sisixhobo esiphambili sokwenza iibhloko ze-cathode ezinkulu, ii-carbon electrodes, ii-graphitized electrodes, kunye nee-electrode pastes eziphezulu. Ubunyulu bayo obuphezulu kunye ne-crystallinity ephezulu zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zezitofu zoshishino eziphuhlisa zibe zinkulu nezinkulu kakhulu, zinciphisa ilahleko ze-oxidation kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwaye zandise ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo.

Ishishini lezomkhosi: Umdlali onokubakho kwizixhobo ezikhusela iimbumbulu

Idayimani emnyama (idayimani yendalo yepolycrystalline) ithathwa njengesixhobo se-ceramic sexesha elizayo sokuthintela ii-projectiles zokubhoboza izixhobo ngenxa yobunzima bayo obuphezulu (besibini emva kwedayimani kunye ne-boron nitride) kunye noxinano oluphantsi (2.52 g/cm³). I-graphitized petroleum coke, ngokusebenzisa ukucubungula okunzulu, ingathatha indawo yedayimani emnyama ngokuyinxenye kwimveliso yezinto ezizinzileyo zezixhobo ze-pyrotechnic zomkhosi, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwizixhobo ezinqabileyo.

Amanye amaCandelo oShishino: "Izinto eziNcedisayo eziSebenzayo" kwiZicelo eziNqamlezayo

• Ishishini leeKhemikhali: Lisebenza njengearhente yokunciphisa, liphosa isitofu sokunciphisa, kunye nezinto ezichasayo.
• Ishishini Lombane: Lisetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhrashi zekhabhoni, ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka.
• Ishishini leebhetri: Lisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-electrode ukuphucula uxinano lwamandla kunye nobomi bomjikelo.
• Ishishini leMishini: Lisebenza njengesithambisi sokunciphisa ilahleko zokungqubana.

Isiphelo: "Indlela Yasebukhosini" yeGraphitized Petroleum Coke

I-graphitized petroleum coke ibeke umlinganiselo kwicandelo lee-carburizing agents ezineempawu zayo zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezizodwa. Ayisombululi nje kuphela iingxaki zokungcola okuphezulu kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokufunxwa kwee-carburizing agents zemveli kodwa ikwakhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwezinto kwi-metallurgy, imveliso yemveliso ye-graphite, kunye noshishino lomkhosi ngokusebenzisa i-crystallinity yayo ephezulu kunye nozinzo. Ngenxa yemfuno ekhulayo yokonga amandla, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, kunye nokuveliswa okuphezulu, "isikhundla sobukhosi" se-graphitized petroleum coke siya kuhlanganiswa ngakumbi, okwenza ukuba ibe "yidayimani emnyama" ebalulekileyo ekuphuculweni kwemizi-mveliso.