Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwegraphite kunye nekhabhoni?

Umahluko phakathi kwegraphite kunye nekhabhoni phakathi kwezinto zekhabhoni ukwindlela eyakheka ngayo ikhabhoni kumcimbi ngamnye. Ibhondi yeeathom zekhabhon kumatyathanga namakhonkco. Kuzo zonke izinto zekhabhoni, ukwakheka okukodwa kwekhabhoni kunokuveliswa.

Ikhabhoni ivelisa eyona nto ithambileyo (igraphite) kunye neyona nto ilukhuni (diamond). Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezinto zekhabhoni yindlela eyakheka ngayo ikhabhoni kumbandela ngamnye. Ibhondi yeeathom zekhabhon kumatyathanga namakhonkco. Kuzo zonke izinto zekhabhoni, ukwakheka okukodwa kwekhabhoni kunokuveliswa.
Esi siqalelo sinobuchule obukhethekileyo bokwenza iibhondi kunye neekhompawundi zodwa, zinika amandla okucwangcisa nokuhlengahlengisa iiathom zayo. Kuzo zonke izinto, i-carbon ivelisa elona nani liphezulu leekhompawundi - malunga ne-10 yezigidi zemiqulu!
Ikhabhoni ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, zombini njengekhabhoni ecocekileyo kunye neekhompawundi zekhabhoni. Ngokuyintloko, isebenza njenge-hydrocarbons ngendlela yegesi ye-methane kunye ne-oyile ekrwada. I-oyile ekrwada inokugalelwa kwipetroli nakwi-kerosene. Zombini ezi zinto zisebenza njengezibaso zokufudumala, oomatshini, nezinye ezininzi.
Ikhabhoni ikwanoxanduva lokubumba amanzi, indibaniselwano eyimfuneko ebomini. Ikwakhona njengeepolima ezifana neselulosi (kwizityalo) kunye neeplastiki.

Kwelinye icala, igraphite yiallotrope yekhabhoni; oku kuthetha ukuba yinto eyenziwe kuphela ngekhabhoni ecocekileyo. Ezinye iiallotropes ziquka idayimani, i-amorphous carbon, kunye namalahle.
I<em>graphite” ivela kwigama lesiGrike elithi “graphein,” elithetha “ukubhala” ngesiNgesi. Yenziwa xa iiathom zekhabhon zidibana zibe ngamashiti, igraphite lolona hlobo luzinzile lwekhabhoni.
Igraphite ithambile kodwa yomelele kakhulu. Ukumelana nokushisa kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, umqhubi wokushisa olungileyo. Ifunyenwe kumatye e-metamorphic, ibonakala njengesinyithi kodwa e-opaque kumbala osuka kumnyama omnyama ukuya kumnyama. Igraphite inamafutha, uphawu oluyenza ibe sisithambiso esilungileyo.
Igraphite ikwasetyenziswa njenge-pigment kunye nearhente yokubumba kwimveliso yeglasi. Izixhobo zenyukliya zikwasebenzisa igraphite njengemodareyitha ye-electron.

Akumangalisi ukuba kutheni i-carbon kunye ne-graphite kukholelwa ukuba yinto enye kunye; bahlobene ngokusondeleyo, emva koko. Igraphite ivela kwikhabhoni, kwaye ikhabhoni iye yenze igraphite. Kodwa ukubajonga ngokusondeleyo kuya kukwenza ubone ukuba abafani.