I-electrode yegrafiti ibhekisa kwi-petroleum coke, i-needle coke njengezinto eziluhlaza, i-coal tar yezincamathelisi, emva kokuba izinto eziluhlaza zifakwe i-calcined, ziqhekekile, zixutywe, zixovwe, zibunjwe, zifakwe i-calcination, zifakwe i-graphite kunye ne-mechanical processing kwaye zenziwe ngohlobo lokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bezinto eziqhuba i-graphite, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-artificial graphite electrode (ebizwa ngokuba yi-graphite electrode), ukuze zahlulwe kwi-graphite yendalo njengokulungiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza ze-graphite electrode yendalo. Ngokwe-index yayo yomgangatho, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-electrode yegrafiti eqhelekileyo, i-electrode yegrafiti enamandla aphezulu kunye ne-electrode yegrafiti enamandla aphezulu kakhulu.
I-electrode yegrafiti enamandla aphezulu yenziwe ngemveliso ye-petroleum coke (okanye i-needle coke ekumgangatho ophezulu), ngamanye amaxesha umzimba we-electrode kufuneka ufakwe, iipropati zawo zomzimba nezomatshini ziphezulu kune-electrode yegrafiti yamandla eqhelekileyo, njengokumelana okuphantsi, okuvumela uxinano olukhulu lwamandla.
I-electrode yegrafiti enamandla aphezulu ivumela ukusetyenziswa koxinano lwangoku lwe-18 ~ 25A/cm2 graphite electrode, esetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni intsimbi ye-arc furnace enamandla aphezulu.
Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi yesithando sombane ngumsebenzisi omkhulu wee-electrode zegrafiti. Imveliso yentsimbi ye-eAF eTshayina ibandakanya malunga ne-18% yemveliso yentsimbi eluhlaza, kwaye i-electrode yegrafiti esetyenziswa ekwenzeni intsimbi ibandakanya i-70% ~ 80% yenani lilonke le-electrode yegrafiti. Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi yesithando sombane kukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode yegrafiti kwi-furnace current, ukusetyenziswa kwee-electrical extremes kunye netshaja phakathi kwe-arc eveliswa ngumthombo wobushushu obuphezulu ukuya ekunyibilikiseni.
Isithando somlilo se-arc sisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni i-phosphorus etyheli yemizi-mveliso kunye ne-silicon, njl., uphawu lwaso luyinxalenye esezantsi ye-electrode eqhubayo engcwatyelwe kwi-charge yesithando somlilo, i-arc yenziwe ngaphakathi komaleko wezinto, kwaye isebenzisa i-charge yesithando ngokwayo ukusuka ekuchaseni kwamandla obushushu ukuya kwi-charge yesithando somlilo esifudumezayo, enye ye-current density ephezulu efunekayo - i-arc furnace ifuna i-graphite electrode, efana ne-silicon 1 t ngokuveliswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-graphite electrode malunga ne-100 kg, Malunga ne-40kg ye-graphite electrode iyadingeka ukuvelisa i-1t ye-phosphorus etyheli.
Isithando somlilo segrafiti sokuvelisa iimveliso zegrafiti, isithando somlilo esinyibilikisa iglasi kunye nesithando sombane sokuvelisa i-silicon carbide zezo zithando lomlilo oluchaseneyo. Izinto ezikwisithando somlilo zichasene nobushushu kunye nento yokufudumeza. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-electrode yegrafiti eqhubayo ifakwa eludongeni lwesithando somlilo ekupheleni kwesithando somlilo esichaseneyo, kwaye i-electrode yegrafiti isetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa okungaguqukiyo apha.
I-electrode yegrafiti engenanto ikwasetyenziselwa ukucubungula iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zegrafiti eziqhotsiweyo, isikhunta, isikhephe kunye nomzimba wokufudumeza kunye nezinye iimveliso zegrafiti ezinemilo ekhethekileyo. Umzekelo, kushishino lweglasi yequartz, i-10T ye-graphite electrode billet iyadingeka kwi-1T nganye yokuveliswa kwetyhubhu yefuse yombane; i-100kg ye-graphite electrode billet iyadingeka ukuvelisa isitena se-quartz se-1t.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwekota yesine ka-2016, ngokukhuthazwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yohlengahlengiso kwicala lokubonelela ngezixhobo kwishishini lesinyithi nentsimbi, ukucinezela intsimbi yomgangatho ngequbuliso kube yeyona nto iphambili ekupheliseni amandla okuvelisa angasemva. Ngomhla we-10 kweyoMqungu ngo-2017, usekela-Mlawuli weKhomishini yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo uthe kwintlanganiso yeBhunga le-CISA ka-2017 ukuba zonke iibhari zomgangatho mazisuswe ngaphambi komhla wama-30 kweyoMqungu ngo-2017. Ngowama-2017, amandla e-eAF eTshayina ayemalunga ne-120 yezigidi zeetoni, apho iitoni ezingama-86.6 ezigidi zaziveliswa kwaye iitoni ezili-15.6 ezigidi zazingasebenzi. Ekupheleni kuka-Okthobha ngo-2017, amandla okuvelisa e-eAF ayemalunga ne-26.5 yezigidi zeetoni, apho malunga ne-30% yaqaliswa kwakhona. Ichatshazelwe kukunciphisa amandla e-furnace ephakathi, intsimbi ye-furnace yombane iqalisiwe ngokukhutheleyo, kwaye inzuzo yezoqoqosho yentsimbi ye-furnace yombane iyabonakala. Intsimbi ye-furnace yombane ifuna amandla aphezulu kunye ne-graphite electrode yamandla aphezulu kakhulu, kunye nomdla wokuthenga ophezulu.
Ngowama-2017, ixabiso lasekhaya le-graphite electrode landa, kwaye imfuno yaphesheya yanda. Iimarike zasekhaya nezaphesheya zabuyela kwimpumelelo. E-China, ngenxa yokususwa "kwentsimbi yomgangatho", ukunyuka komthamo wesithando sombane, umda wokuveliswa kweenkampani zekhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto, ixabiso le-graphite electrode lasekhaya landa kakhulu ngo-2017, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imakethi ye-graphite electrode yasekhaya ayifumaneki. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhula kwe-graphite electrode yase-China kubonisa ukuba imfuno ye-graphite electrode yaphesheya inamandla. E-China nakwamanye amazwe kubonise imfuno enamandla ye-graphite electrodes, ishishini lisasweleki.
Ngoko ke, umdla wotyalo-mali kwishishini le-graphite electrode enamandla aphezulu usenamandla.
Ngenxa yophuhliso lweshishini lesinyithi nentsimbi kwihlabathi liphela, i-electric arc oven isiya ifikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ulawulo oluzenzekelayo lwekhompyutha kunye nezinye iinkalo zophuhliso, ukusetyenziswa kwe-electric arc oven kuyanda, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu.
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-United States, iYurophu, iJapan kunye namanye amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla, ishishini le-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu laseTshayina liqale kade, ikakhulu lixhomekeke ekungenisweni kwempahla kwangoko, imveliso ye-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu ayifuni kakhulu. Iqhutywa kukuphuhliswa kweshishini lesinyithi nentsimbi kunye nenkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, iTshayina iye yaphula kancinci i-monopoly yezobuchwepheshe yamazwe angaphandle, kwaye amandla emveliso ye-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu ayenyuka, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso nawo uphuculwe ngokukhawuleza. Okwangoku, i-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu eveliswe eTshayina ifumene iziphumo ezilungileyo kwi-electrical arc furnace enkulu, kwaye zonke izalathiso zokusebenza kwemveliso zinokufikelela kwinqanaba elikhokelayo lamazwe ngamazwe. Iimveliso ze-electrode ze-graphite ezinamandla aphezulu zaseTshayina aziboneleli kuphela kwimarike yasekhaya, kodwa nenani elikhulu lokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kumazwe angaphandle, imfuno yeemveliso ezingenisiweyo incinci.
Uphuhliso lokwenza intsimbi yesithando ukuya kumandla aphezulu luphawu olubalulekileyo lophuhliso lweshishini lokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane. Kwixesha elizayo, imveliso yokwenza intsimbi yesithando sombane enamandla aphezulu iya kwanda, kwaye imfuno yayo ye-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu nayo iya kwanda, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu eTshayina. Amashishini asekhaya e-electrode ye-graphite enamandla aphezulu anokwandisa uthotho lwemizi-mveliso, enze uphando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ezikrwada, kwaye akhe izixhobo zemveliso, ezinokunciphisa ngempumelelo iindleko zeshishini kwaye ziphucule inzuzo yokusebenza kweshishini.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-31-2022