Ngokubanzi, kuyimfuneko ukomisa ngokunyanzelekileyo umswakama kwi-coke eluhlaza ngaphambi kokuba i-calcination iqale, ingakumbi kwezi meko zilandelayo apho ukomisa kuyinkqubo ebalulekileyo:
I. Impembelelo Embi Yokufuma Kwinkqubo Yokubala I-Calcination
1. Ukuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha izinto eziguquguqukayo
Xa i-coke eluhlaza (efana ne-petroleum coke kunye ne-anthracite) inomswakama ogqithisileyo, ukufuma kwamanzi kudla ubushushu obuninzi, okukhokelela ekutshintsheni kobushushu kwi-calcination furnace ngexesha lesigaba sokuqala. Oku kuchaphazela ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kwezinto eziguquguqukayo (ezifana ne-sulfur kunye nee-hydrogen compounds). Umzekelo, i-petroleum coke ikakhulu ikhupha umswakama ongaphantsi kwama-200°C. Ukuba umswakama awususwanga ngokupheleleyo, isigaba sokukhutshwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo (500-700°C) sinokulibaziseka ngenxa yobushushu obungonelanga, okubangela ukushwabana okungalinganiyo kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nomngcipheko owandileyo wokuqhekeka kwemveliso.
2. Ukunciphisa iiPropati zoBume beZinto eziKrwada
Ukufuma kunciphisa ukuhambelana phakathi kwamasuntswana ezinto eziluhlaza, okwenza imisebenzi yangaphambi kokucubungula efana nokutyumza, ukuhluza, kunye nokusila ibe nzima. Umzekelo, i-petroleum coke enomxholo wokufuma odlula i-10% ithambekele ekuvalekeni kwezixhobo ngexesha lokutyumza kwaye ivelisa ubungakanani obungalinganiyo bamasuntswana emva kokusila, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho weenkqubo ezilandelayo zokuxuba nokwenziwa.
3. Ukunyusa Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko
Ukufuma komswakama kufuna ubushushu obongezelelekileyo. Ukuba akukamiswanga, isithando somlilo se-calcination kufuneka sisebenzise amafutha amaninzi ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu. Ukuthatha i-petroleum coke njengomzekelo, ukunciphisa umswakama nge-1% kunokonga malunga ne-20 kilojoules ngekhilogram nganye yokusetyenziswa kobushushu, kwaye unyango lokomisa lunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zemveliso.
II. Ukuphucula umgangatho weCalcination ngokuKomisa
1. Ukuphucula Ubuninzi kunye Nokuqina Kwezinto Ezingasetyenzwanga
Emva kokomiswa, umxholo wokufuma kwezinto ezikrwada wehla ngaphantsi kwe-0.3%. Ngexesha lokubala, ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo kucokisekile ngakumbi, kwaye ukuncipha komthamo wezinto ezikrwada kuyafana. Uxinano lokwenyani (umz., ukunyuka ukusuka kwi-1.42-1.61 g/cm³ ukuya kwi-2.00-2.12 g/cm³ ye-petroleum coke) kunye namandla oomatshini wezinto ezikrwada kuphuculwe kakhulu, okunciphisa ukuncipha kwesibini kweemveliso ngexesha lesigaba sokubhaka.
2. Ukuphucula ukuHamba kunye nokuXinzelelwa kweOxidation
Ngexesha lokubala, ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yezinto ezikrwada luyahlengahlengiswa, kwaye ukumelana kwayo kuyancipha (umz., ukumelana kwe-petroleum coke kuyehla xa ubushushu be-calcination busanda), kuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwayo. Okwangoku, ifilimu ye-pyrolytic carbon ibeka kumphezulu we-particle, iphucula ukumelana ne-oxidation kwaye yandisa ubomi benkonzo yeemveliso.
3. Ukuphucula Uzinzo lweNkqubo
Izinto eziluhlaza ezomileyo ezinomlinganiselo wokufuma olinganiselayo zinokuphepha ukuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu kwisithando somlilo esinyibilikayo kwaye zinciphise umonakalo woxinzelelo lobushushu kwizixhobo. Umzekelo, ngokulawula umxholo wokufuma wamalahle angena kwi-oven ye-coke ngaphantsi kwe-3%, izityalo ze-coke zinokwandisa ubomi bee-oven ze-coke ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-10 kwaye zinciphise izinga lokuguquguquka kweendonga zegumbi le-oven ye-coke ngama-90%.
III. Iimfuneko Ezisebenzayo Zenkqubo Yokomisa
1. Ulawulo lobushushu kunye nexesha
Ubushushu bokomisa buqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-110-130°C, kwaye ixesha kufuneka lihlengahlengiswe ngokobungakanani besuntswana kunye nomxholo wokuqala wokufuma kwezinto ezikrwada. Umzekelo, i-petroleum coke enobukhulu besuntswana obungaphantsi kwe-3 mm ifuna malunga neeyure ezi-2-4 zokomisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukufuma kuyafana.
2. Ukukhetha Izixhobo
Izixhobo zokomisa eziqhelekileyo ziquka ii-oven ezijikelezayo kunye nee-drum dryer. Ii-oven ezijikelezayo zifumana ukomisa okusebenzayo ngokufudumeza okuchasene nomsinga, ngelixa ii-drum dryer zinciphisa ukunamathela kwezinto kwaye ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokomisa ngeepleyiti zesikhokelo zangaphakathi kunye nezixhobo zokucoca.
3. Amanyathelo okusingqongileyo nokhuseleko
Inkqubo yokomisa kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokususa uthuli (ezifana neziqokeleli zothuli lwenkanyamba + iziqokeleli zothuli olumanzi) ukunciphisa uthuli oluphumayo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokususa uthuli ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99% nangaphezulu. Okwangoku, inkqubo yokutsha isebenzisa isitshisi esisebenza ngegesi, esilula ukuyisebenzisa nesithembekileyo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-13-2026