Umgubo wegrafiti osetyenziswa njengee-electrode zegrafiti unezibonelelo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuveza iingenelo zale nto, ukufezekisa ngokwenene ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwemarike, le ayisiyongxaki kuphela ekufuneka abavelisi begrafiti bayiqwalasele, kodwa ikwanazo neengxaki ekufuneka abasebenzisi begrafiti bazithathe nzulu. Ngoko ke, xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zegrafiti, zeziphi iingxaki ekufuneka zisonjululwe kuqala?
Ukususwa kothuli: Ngenxa yesakhiwo seenxalenye ezincinci zegrafiti, uthuli oluninzi luveliswa ngexesha lokucubungula ngoomatshini, nto leyo enempembelelo enkulu kwindawo yefektri. Ukongeza, impembelelo yothuli kwizixhobo ibonakala kakhulu kwimpembelelo yayo kumbane wezixhobo. Ngenxa yokuqhuba kakuhle kombane kwegrafiti, xa ingena kwibhokisi yamandla, inokubangela ii-power short circuits kunye nezinye iimpazamo. Ke ngoko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ixhotyiswe ngomatshini okhethekileyo wokucubungula igrafiti. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zotyalo-mali lwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokucubungula igrafiti, amashishini amaninzi alumkile kakhulu kule nkalo. Phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, ezi zisombululo zilandelayo zingasetyenziswa:
Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-graphite electrode: Njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwe-graphite kusanda kakhulu kushishino lwe-mold, amashishini amaninzi okuvelisa i-mold contract manufacturing (OEM) nawo aqalise ishishini le-OEM le-graphite electrodes.
Emva kokucwiliswa kwioyile: Emva kokuthenga igrafiti, iqala icwiliswe kwi-spark oil kangangexesha elithile (ixesha elithile lixhomekeke kumthamo wegrafiti), ize ibekwe kwiziko loomatshini ukuze icutshungulwe. Ngale ndlela, uthuli lwegrafiti aluyi kubhabha lujikeleze kodwa luwe phantsi. Oku kuya kunciphisa impembelelo kwizixhobo nakwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ukulungisa iziko loomatshini: Olu tshintsho lubizwa ngokuba lubandakanya ukufaka i-vacuum cleaner kwiziko eliqhelekileyo loomatshini.
Umsantsa wokukhupha ngexesha lokucubungula i-graphite ekhuphayo: Ngokungafaniyo nobhedu, ngenxa yesantya sokukhupha esikhawulezayo see-electrode ze-graphite, i-slag eninzi yokucubungula iyabola ngexesha leyunithi. Indlela yokususa i-slag ngempumelelo iba yingxaki. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ukuba umsantsa wokukhupha ube mkhulu kuneyobhedu. Ngokubanzi, xa useta umsantsa wokukhupha, umsantsa wokukhupha we-graphite mkhulu nge-10 ukuya kwi-30% kuneyobhedu.
Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iintsilelo zayo: Ngaphandle kothuli, i-graphite ikwanazo nezinye iziphene. Umzekelo, xa kusetyenzwa ii-molds zomphezulu wesipili, xa kuthelekiswa nee-electrode zobhedu, ii-electrode ze-graphite azinakwenzeka ukuba zifumane isiphumo esifunekayo. Ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esingcono somphezulu, kufuneka kukhethwe ubungakanani be-particle ye-graphite, kwaye ixabiso lolu hlobo lwe-graphite lidla ngokuphindwe kane ukuya kwezi-6 kunele-graphite eqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-graphite kuphantsi kakhulu. Ngenxa yenkqubo yemveliso, yinxalenye encinci ye-graphite enokusetyenziselwa ukuphinda ivelise kunye nokusetyenziswa. I-graphite yenkunkuma emva komatshini wokukhupha umbane ayinakusetyenziswa kwakhona okwangoku, ngaloo ndlela ibangela imingeni ethile kulawulo lokusingqongileyo lwamashishini. Kule meko, singabonelela ngokurisayikilisha simahla kwe-graphite yenkunkuma kubathengi ukuze bangabi nengxaki kwisiqinisekiso sabo sokusingqongileyo.
Ukuqhekeza kwi-mechanical processing: Njengoko i-graphite ibuthathaka ngakumbi kune-copper, ukuba i-graphite isetyenzwa kusetyenziswa indlela efanayo ne-copper electrodes, kulula ukubangela ukuqhekeka kwee-electrodes, ngakumbi xa kusetyenzwa ii-electrodes ezibhityileyo. Kule meko, inkxaso yobugcisa yasimahla inokubonelelwa abavelisi bokubumba. Oku kufezekiswa ikakhulu ngokukhetha izixhobo zokusika, indlela yokudlula kwesixhobo, kunye noqwalaselo olufanelekileyo lweeparamitha zokucubungula. Iisampuli ze-graphite ze-flake zendalo zenziwe ngokucinezela okubandayo ngaphandle kwe-binder kusetyenziswa i-graphite ye-flake yendalo. Iziphumo zotshintsho ekwenzeni uxinzelelo kunye nexesha lokubamba uxinzelelo kwi-density, porosity kunye namandla okuqhekeka kweesampuli zifundwe ngokulandelelana. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-microstructure kunye namandla okuqhekeka kweesampuli ze-graphite ze-flake zendalo buhlalutywe ngokwemigangatho. Iinkqubo ezimbini, i-boric acid - urea kunye ne-tetraethyl silicate - acetone - hydrochloric acid, zikhethwe ukuze kufundwe kwaye kuxoxwe ngeempawu ze-antioxidant kunye neendlela ze-graphite powder yendalo kunye ne-graphite electrode ye-graphite yendalo ngaphambi nasemva konyango lwe-antioxidant ngokulandelelana. Iziphumo eziphambili zophando zezi zilandelayo: Ukusebenza kokwakheka kwe-natural flake graphite kunye nempembelelo yeemeko zokwenza kwi-microstructure kunye neempawu zifundwe. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba uxinzelelo olukhulu lokwakheka kwesampulu ye-natural flake graphite, kokukhona uxinano kunye namandla e-flexural esampuli zinkulu, ngelixa uxinano lwesampulu luncinci. Ixesha loxinzelelo lokubamba alinampembelelo ingako kwi-density yesampulu. Xa ingaphezulu kwemizuzu emi-5, ukwakheka kwesampulu kungcono. Amandla e-flexural abonisa i-anisotropy ecacileyo, kwaye amandla e-flexural aphakathi kumacala ahlukeneyo yi-5.95MPa, 9.68MPa, kunye ne-12.70MPa ngokwahlukeneyo. I-anisotropy yamandla e-flexural inxulumene ngokusondeleyo ne-microstructure ye-graphite.
Iipropati ze-antioxidant zenkqubo ye-boron-nitrogen ezilungiselelwe ngendlela yesisombululo kunye nendlela ye-sol kunye ne-natural flake graphite powder egqunywe yi-silica sol ngaphambi nasemva koko zifundwe. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba njengoko inani le-impregnations lisanda, ubungakanani be-silica sol kunye ne-boron-nitrogen system egqunywe phezu komgubo we-graphite buyanda, kwaye i-antioxidant property iba ngcono. Ubushushu bokuqala be-oxidation ye-natural flake graphite yi-883K, kwaye izinga lokulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation kwi-923K yi-407.6mg/g/h. Umgubo we-graphite waxutywa izihlandlo ezilithoba ngokulandelelana kwinkqubo ye-boric acid - urea kunye nenkqubo ye-ethyl silicate - ethanol - hydrochloric acid. Emva konyango lobushushu iyure e-1 phantsi komoya we-1273K kunye ne-N2, izinga lokulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation ye-natural flake graphite kwi-923K yayiyi-47.9 mg/g/h kunye ne-206.1mg/g/h ngokulandelelana. Emva konyango lobushushu iyure e-1 kwi-atmospheres ye-N2 ye-1973K kunye ne-1723K ngokulandelanayo, amazinga okulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation ye-natural flake graphite kwi-923K yayiyi-3.0mg /g/h kunye ne-42.0mg/g/h ngokulandelanayo; Zombini iinkqubo zinokunciphisa izinga lokulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation ye-natural flake graphite, kodwa isiphumo se-antioxidant se-boric acid - urea system singcono kunese-ethyl silicate - ethanol - hydrochloric acid system.
Ii-electrode zegrafiti zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini amakhulu afana nokwenza intsimbi kwi-oven yombane, ukuveliswa kwe-phosphorus kwii-ore ore, ukunyibilika kwesanti ye-magnesia ngombane, ukulungiswa kokunyibilika ngombane kwezinto ezingafunekiyo, i-aluminium electrolysis, kunye nokuveliswa kwe-phosphorus, i-silicon, kunye ne-calcium carbide kwimizi-mveliso. Ii-electrode zegrafiti zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini: ii-electrode zegrafiti zendalo kunye nee-electrode zegrafiti zokwenziwa. Xa kuthelekiswa nee-electrode zegrafiti zokwenziwa, ii-electrode zegrafiti zendalo azifuni inkqubo yekhemikhali yegrafiti. Ngenxa yoko, umjikelo wokuveliswa kwee-electrode zegrafiti zendalo unciphile kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nongcoliseko kuncipha kakhulu, kwaye iindleko ziyancipha kakhulu. Zineengenelo ezicacileyo zamaxabiso kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho, enye yezona zizathu ziphambili zophuhliso lwee-electrode zegrafiti zendalo.
Ukongeza, ii-electrode zegrafiti yendalo ziimveliso ezicutshungulwe ngokunzulu zegrafiti yendalo kwaye zinexabiso elikhulu lophuhliso kunye nexabiso lokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kokwakheka, ukumelana ne-oxidation kunye neempawu zoomatshini zee-electrode zegrafiti yendalo okwangoku zingaphantsi kwezo zee-electrode zegrafiti zokwenziwa, ezisisithintelo esiphambili kuphuhliso lwazo. Ke ngoko, ukoyisa le miqobo ngundoqo ekuphuhliseni ukusetyenziswa kwee-electrode zegrafiti yendalo.
Iipropati ze-antioxidant zenkqubo ye-boron-nitrogen ezilungiselelwe ngendlela yesisombululo kunye nendlela ye-sol kunye neebhloko ze-graphite zendalo ezifakwe i-silica sol ngaphambi nasemva koko zifundwe. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ipropati ye-antioxidant yeebhloko ze-graphite zendalo ezifakwe i-silica sol iba mandundu njengoko inani le-impregnations lisanda. Iibhloko ze-graphite zendalo ezifakwe i-boron-nitrogen zineempawu ze-antioxidant ezingcono njengoko inani le-impregnations lisanda. Amazinga okulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation yeebhloko ze-graphite zendalo kwi-923K kunye ne-1273K yayiyi-122.432mg/g/h kunye ne-191.214mg/g/h, ngokwahlukeneyo. Iibhloko ze-graphite zendalo zifakwe izihlandlo ezilithoba ngokwahlukeneyo kwinkqubo ye-boric acid – urea kunye nenkqubo ye-ethyl silicate – ethanol – hydrochloric acid. Emva konyango lobushushu iyure e-1 emoyeni we-1273K kunye ne-N2, amazinga okulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation kwi-923K yayiyi-20.477mg/g/h kunye ne-28.753mg/g/h, ngokwahlukeneyo. Kwi-1273K, yayiyi-37.064mg/g/h kunye ne-54.398mg/g/h ngokwahlukeneyo; Emva konyango kwi-1973K kunye ne-1723K ngokwahlukeneyo, amazinga okulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation kwiibhloko zegrafiti yendalo kwi-923K yayiyi-8.182 mg/g/h kunye ne-31.347mg/g/h ngokwahlukeneyo; Kwi-1273K, yayiyi-126.729mg/g/h kunye ne-169.978mg/g/h ngokwahlukeneyo; Zombini iinkqubo zinokunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokulahleka kobunzima be-oxidation kwiibhloko zegrafiti yendalo. Ngokufanayo, isiphumo se-antioxidant senkqubo ye-boric acid – urea singcono kuneso senkqubo ye-ethyl silicate – ethanol – hydrochloric acid.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-12-2025