Nantsi inguqulelo yesiNgesi yombhalo onikiweyo:
Indlela iGraphitized Petroleum Coke efikelela ngayo ekunyukeni kwezinga lokufunxa ukusuka kwi-75% ukuya kwi-95%, okuvumela "ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo"
I-graphitized petroleum coke iphumelele ekunyuseni izinga layo lokufunxa ukusuka kwi-75% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-95% ngeenkqubo ezintlanu eziphambili: ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, unyango lwe-graphitization lobushushu obuphezulu, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobungakanani bamasuntswana, ukulungiswa kwenkqubo, kunye nokusetyenziswa okujikelezayo. Le ndlela "yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngokupheleleyo" ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza: Ukulawula ukungcola kwindawo ephuma kuyo
- Izinto ezikrwada ezine-sulfur ephantsi, uthuthu oluphantsi
Kukhethwe i-coke yepetroleum okanye i-needle coke esemgangathweni ophezulu enomxholo wesalfure <0.8% kunye nomxholo wothuthu <0.5%. Izinto ezikrwada ezine-sulfur ephantsi zithintela i-sulfur ekubeni yenze igesi ye-sulfur dioxide kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nto leyo enciphisa ukulahleka kwekhabhoni, ngelixa uthuthu oluphantsi lunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kokungcola ngexesha lokunyibilika. - Unyango lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza
Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokutyumza, zokubeka amanqaku, nezokwakha, amasuntswana amakhulu kunye nokungcola kuyasuswa ukuqinisekisa ubungakanani obufanayo bamasuntswana, nto leyo ebeka isiseko se-graphitization elandelayo.
2. Unyango lweGraphitization yoBushushu obuPhezulu: Uhlengahlengiso lweeAthom zeCarbon
- Inkqubo yokudweba imifanekiso
Ukusebenzisa i-Acheson furnace okanye i-internal series graphitization furnace, izinto ezikrwada ziphathwa kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-2,600°C. Oku kuguqula ii-athomu zekhabhoni ukusuka kwi-disordered arrangement zibe yi-ordered lamellar structure, zisondela kwi-crystal lattice ye-graphite kwaye ziphucula kakhulu i-carbon reactivity kunye ne-solubility. - Ukususwa kwesalfure
Kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, i-sulfur ikhutshwa njengegesi ye-sulfur dioxide, nto leyo enciphisa umxholo we-sulfur ukuya kwi-0.01%–0.05% kwaye ithintela impembelelo embi kumandla entsimbi kunye nokuqina kwayo. - Ukulungiswa kwe-Porosity
Ukwenziwa kwegrafiti kudala isakhiwo esineembobo ngaphakathi kwee-carbon particles, okwandisa iimbobo kwaye kubonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zokunyibilikisa i-carbon kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, okukhawulezisa ukufunxwa.
3. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobungakanani bamaqhekeza: Iimfuneko zokunyibilikisa ezihambelanayo
- Ukulungiswa kobungakanani bamasuntswana
Ubungakanani bamasuntswana bulawulwa ngaphakathi kwe-0.5–20 mm ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwezixhobo zokunyibilikisa (umz., ii-arc furnitures zombane okanye ii-cupolas) kunye neemfuno zenkqubo:- Izitofu zombane (<1 ton): 0.5–2.5 mm ukuthintela i-oxidation kwiisuntswana ezincinci kakhulu.
- Iifeni zombane (>iitoni ezi-3): 5–20 mm ukuze kuthintelwe ubunzima bokunyibilika obuvela kumasuntswana arhabaxa kakhulu.
- Ukusasazwa kobungakanani besuntswana obufanayo
Iinkqubo zokuhlola kunye nokubumba ziqinisekisa ubungakanani obuhambelanayo bamasuntswana, zinciphisa ukuguquguquka kwesantya sokufunxwa okubangelwa kukutshintsha kobukhulu.
4. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokufunxa
- Ixesha kunye neendlela zokongeza
- Indlela yokongeza ezantsi: Kwii-oven zombane eziphakathi, i-70% ye-carbon raiser ibekwa ezantsi kwi-oven ize iqiniswe, kunye nentsalela yongezwa kwiibhetshi phakathi kwenkqubo yokunciphisa ilahleko ze-oxidation.
- Ukongezwa kweqela: Kwi-furnace yokunyibilikisa i-oven yombane, ii-carbon raisers zongezwa ngeebhetshi ngexesha lokutshaja; kwi-cupola melting, zongezwa ngaxeshanye ne-furnace charge ukuqinisekisa ukudibana ngokupheleleyo nentsimbi enyibilikisiweyo.
- Ulawulo lweparameter yokunyibilikisa
- Ulawulo lobushushu: Ukugcina amaqondo obushushu anyibilikayo kwi-1,500–1,550°C kukhuthaza ukunyibilika kwekhabhoni.
- Ukugcinwa nokuvuselelwa kobushushu: Ukubamba imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ngokuvuselela okuphakathi kukhawulezisa ukusasazwa kwamasuntswana ekhabhoni kwaye kuthintele ukudibana nezinto ezikhupha ioksijini ezifana nokugqwala kwesinyithi okanye i-slag.
- Ulandelelwano lohlengahlengiso lolwakhiwo
Ukongeza i-manganese kuqala, emva koko i-carbon, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-silicon inciphisa iziphumo zokuthintela i-silicon kunye ne-sulfur ekufunxeni i-carbon, nto leyo ezinzisa ukulingana kwe-carbon.
5. Ukusetyenziswa kweSetyhula kunye noMveliso oLungileyo: Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo
- Ukuhlaziywa kwe-electrode yenkunkuma
Ii-electrode zegrafiti ezisetyenzisiweyo zivuselelwa zibe zi-carbon raisers ezinezinga lokubuyisa eliyi-85%, nto leyo enciphisa inkunkuma yezixhobo. - Ezinye iindlela ezisekelwe kwi-biomass
Uvavanyo olusebenzisa amalahle eqokobhe lesundu endaweni ye-petroleum coke luvumela ukunyibilikisa i-carbon-neutral kwaye lunciphise ukuxhomekeka kwi-fossil feedstocks. - Iinkqubo zolawulo ezikrelekrele
Ukubeka iliso kumxholo wekhabhoni kwi-intanethi ngohlalutyo lwe-spectral kunye nokondla ngokuchanekileyo okusekwe kwi-5G IoT (impazamo <±0.5%) yenza ngcono iinkqubo zemveliso kwaye kuncitshiswe ukongezwa okugqithisileyo.
Iziphumo zobugcisa kunye nefuthe leshishini
- Izinga lokufunxa eliphuculweyo: Ngale ndlela yokulinganisa, izinga lokufunxa ii-graphitized petroleum coke carbon raisers linyuke ukusuka kwi-75% (i-calcined petroleum coke yendabuko) ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-95%, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwekhabhoni.
- Umgangatho wemveliso ophuculweyo: Iimpawu zesalfure ephantsi (≤0.03%) kunye nenitrogen ephantsi (80–250 PPM) zithintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhupha iziphene ze-porosity kwaye ziphucula iimpawu zoomatshini (umz., ubulukhuni, ukumelana nokuguguleka).
- Iingenelo zokusingqongileyo nezoqoqosho: Ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngetoni nganye yesixhobo sokukhulisa ikhabhoni kuncitshiswa ngeetoni ezili-1.2, okuhambelana neendlela zokwenza izinto eziluhlaza. Okwangoku, amazinga aphezulu okufunxa anciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo sokukhulisa ikhabhoni, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zemveliso.
Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo olucociweyo oluvela ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni, i-graphitized petroleum coke ifezekisa "ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo," ibonelela ishishini lesinyithi ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesinokunyusa ikhabhoni engaphantsi kwekhabhoni kwaye iqhubela eli candelo kuphuhliso olusemgangathweni noluzinzileyo.
Olu guqulelo lugcina ukuchaneka kobuchwephesha ngelixa luqinisekisa ukufundeka lula kubaphulaphuli bamazwe ngamazwe kwicandelo lesayensi yesinyithi kunye nezixhobo. Ndixelele ukuba ungathanda naluphi na uphuculo!
Ixesha leposi: Matshi 31-2026