Inkcazo:Umbhali uhlalutya imveliso yenaliti coke kunye nemeko yokusetyenziswa kwilizwe lethu, ithemba isicelo sayo kwigraphite electrode kunye nezixhobo electrode negative kushishino ithemba, ukufunda imingeni oyile inaliti yophuhliso coke, kubandakanywa izibonelelo izinto ekrwada zinqongophele, umgangatho. ayikho phezulu, umjikelo omde kunye novavanyo lwesicelo esingaphezulu, ukwandisa uphando lwecandelo lemveliso, isicelo, imilinganiselo yokusebenza, njengezifundo zombutho ukuphuhlisa imarike ephezulu.
Ngokutsho kwemithombo eyahlukeneyo yezinto eziluhlaza, inaliti ye-coke inokwahlulwa ibe yi-oyile yenaliti ye-coke kunye ne-coke yenaliti yamalahle.I-oyile yenaliti ye-coke yenziwa ikakhulu kwi-FCC slurry ngokucokisa, i-hydrodesulfurization, ukulibaziseka kokupheka kunye nokubala.Inkqubo inzima kwaye inomxholo ophezulu wezobugcisa.I-needle coke ineempawu zekhabhoni ephezulu, i-sulfure ephantsi, i-nitrogen ephantsi, i-ash ephantsi kunye nokunye, kwaye ineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-electrochemical kunye ne-mechanical after graphitization.Luhlobo lwe-anisotropic high-end carbon material kunye ne-graphitization elula.
Inaliti coke ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ultra high amandla graphite electrode, kunye ne-lithium ion ibhetri cathode izinto, njengoko "incopho carbon", "carbon neutral" iinjongo zeqhinga, amazwe ayaqhubeka nokukhuthaza intsimbi kunye nentsimbi kunye ne auto inguqu kushishino kunye nokuphuculwa kwesakhiwo soshishino. ukulungiswa kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okugcina i-carbon ephantsi kunye neteknoloji yokukhusela indalo, ukukhuthaza i-steelmaking ye-arc yombane kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, Imfuno ye-coke yenaliti eluhlaza nayo ikhula ngokukhawuleza.Kwixesha elizayo, ishishini elisezantsi lenaliti ye-coke lisaza kuchuma kakhulu.Esi sihloko sihlalutya isimo sesicelo kunye nethemba le-coke yenaliti kwi-graphite electrode kunye ne-anode material, kwaye ibeka phambili imingeni kunye neendlela zokuthintela ukuphuhliswa okunempilo kweshishini le-coke yeenaliti.
1. Uhlalutyo lwemveliso kunye nokuhamba kolwalathiso lwenaliti ye-coke
1.1 Ukuveliswa kwe-coke yenaliti
Ukuveliswa kwenaliti ye-coke kugxininiswe kakhulu kumazwe ambalwa afana ne-China, i-United States, i-United Kingdom, i-South Korea kunye ne-Japan.Ngo-2011, umthamo wemveliso wehlabathi wenaliti ye-coke wawumalunga ne-1200kt / a, apho umthamo wemveliso waseChina wawuyi-250kt / a, kwaye kwakukho abenzi bee-coke ezine ze-coke ezine kuphela.Ngo-2021, ngokweenkcukacha-manani zeSinfern Information, umthamo wehlabathi wemveliso ye-coke yenaliti uya kunyuka ukuya malunga ne-3250kt / a, kunye nomthamo wemveliso ye-Needle coke e-China iya kunyuka ukuya malunga ne-2240kt / a, ibalwa kwi-68.9% yehlabathi jikelele. umthamo wokuvelisa, kunye nenani labenzi beenaliti ze-coke zaseTshayina liya kwanda ukuya kuma-21.
Itheyibhile ye-1 ibonisa amandla okuvelisa abenzi be-coke be-naliti abaphezulu be-10 kwihlabathi, kunye nomthamo opheleleyo wemveliso ye-2130kt / a, ibalwa kwi-65.5% yomthamo wemveliso yehlabathi.Ngokwembono yomthamo wemveliso yehlabathi yamashishini enaliti ye-coke, uthotho lwe-oyile abenzi benaliti ye-coke ngokubanzi banomlinganiselo omkhulu, umthamo wemveliso wesityalo esinye yi-100 ~ 200kt/a, umthamo wokuvelisa inaliti ye-coke ngamalahle malunga ne-50kT kuphela / a.
Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, umthamo wemveliso yenaliti yehlabathi uya kuqhubeka ukhula, kodwa ubukhulu becala ukusuka eTshayina.Isicwangciso saseTshayina esicwangcisiweyo kwaye siphantsi kokwakhiwa kwekhono lokuvelisa inaliti ye-coke malunga ne-430kT / a, kwaye imeko yokugqithisa iyancipha ngakumbi.Ngaphandle kweTshayina, umthamo we-coke yenaliti uzinzile, kunye ne-Russian ye-OMSK yokucoca isicwangciso sokwakha i-38kt / iyunithi ye-coke yenaliti kwi-2021.
Umzobo we-1 ubonisa ukuveliswa kwenaliti ye-coke e-China kwiminyaka eyi-5 yakutshanje.Njengoko kunokubonwa kwi-Figure 1, imveliso yenaliti ye-coke e-China ifikelele ekukhuleni okugqabhukileyo, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiweyo lama-45% kwiminyaka emi-5.Kwi-2020, imveliso epheleleyo yeenaliti ze-coke e-China yafikelela kwi-517kT, kuquka i-176kT yochungechunge lwamalahle kunye ne-341kT ye-oyile series.
1.2 Ukuthathwa ngaphandle kwekhokhi yenaliti
Umzobo we-2 ubonisa imeko yokungenisa i-coke yenaliti e-China kwiminyaka eyi-5 yakutshanje.Njengoko kunokubonwa kuMfanekiso 2, ngaphambi kokuqhambuka kwe-COVID-19, umthamo wokungenisa wenaliti e-China unyuke kakhulu, wafikelela kwi-270kT ngo-2019, irekhodi eliphezulu.Ngo-2020, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu le-coke yenaliti ephuma kumazwe angaphandle, ukukhuphisana okuhlileyo, uluhlu lwezixhobo ezinkulu zezibuko, kunye nokubekwa phezulu kukuqhambuka kwezifo eziqhambukayo eYurophu nase-United States, umthamo wokungeniswa kwe Chinaliti yenaliti ngo-2020 wawuyi-132kt kuphela, ukwehla ngama-51%. unyaka nonyaka.Ngokwezibalo, kwi-coke yenaliti engeniswe kwi-2020, inaliti ye-oyile ye-oyile yayiyi-27.5kT, phantsi kwe-82.93% ngonyaka;Inaliti yokulinganisa amalahle coke 104.1kt, 18.26% ngaphezu kunyaka ophelileyo, esona sizathu kukuba ukuthuthwa elwandle Japan kunye South Korea abachatshazelwa kancinane ngubhubhane, okwesibini, ixabiso ezinye iimveliso ezivela Japan kunye South Korea liphantsi kunoko. yeemveliso ezifanayo e China, kwaye umthamo oda ezantsi umsinga mkhulu.
1.3 Isalathiso sokusetyenziswa kwe-coke yenaliti
Inaliti ye-coke luhlobo lwezinto eziphezulu zekhabhoni, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa i-electrode ye-graphite ye-ultra-high kunye ne-artificial graphite anode materials.Eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yesicelo seterminal kukwenza intsimbi yombane ye-arc kunye neebhetri zamandla kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha.
IKHIWANE.I-3 ibonisa indlela yokusetyenziswa kwe-coke yenaliti e-China kwiminyaka eyi-5 yakutshanje.I-electrode yegraphite yeyona ndawo inkulu yesicelo, kwaye izinga lokukhula kwemfuno lingena kwinqanaba elithe tyaba, ngelixa izinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode ziqhubeka zikhula ngokukhawuleza.Ngo-2020, ukusetyenziswa okupheleleyo kwenaliti ye-coke e-China (kubandakanywa nokusetyenziswa kwe-inventory) kwakuyi-740kT, apho i-340kT yezinto ezimbi kunye ne-400kt ye-graphite electrode idliwe, i-akhawunti ye-45% yokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezimbi.
2.1 Uphuhliso lwe-EAF steelmaking
Ishishini lentsimbi kunye nentsimbi ngumvelisi omkhulu wokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni eTshayina.Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zemveliso yentsimbi kunye nentsimbi: isithando somlilo kunye nesithando sombane se-arc.Phakathi kwabo, i-electric arc furnace steelmaking inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni nge-60%, kwaye inokuqonda ukubuyiswa kwakhona kwemithombo yensimbi ye-scrap kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwi-iron ore import.Ishishini lensimbi kunye nentsimbi licetywayo ukuba lihambe phambili ekufezekiseni injongo "ye-carbon peak" kunye "ne-carbon neutrality" ngo-2025. Ngaphantsi kokhokelo lomgaqo-nkqubo welizwe wensimbi kunye nentsimbi, kuya kuba nenani elikhulu lezityalo zensimbi ezithatha indawo. isiguquli kunye nokuqhushumba kwentsimbi yesithando somlilo esine-arc yombane.
Ngo-2020, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yaseTshayina yi-1054.4mt, apho imveliso yentsimbi ye-eAF imalunga ne-96Mt, ithatha kuphela i-9.1% yentsimbi ekrwada iyonke, xa kuthelekiswa ne-18% yomndilili wehlabathi, i-67% yase-United States, engama-39. I-% ye-European Union, kunye ne-22% yentsimbi ye-EAF yaseJapan, kukho indawo enkulu yenkqubela phambili.Ngokoyilo "lweSikhokelo sokuKhuthaza umgangatho ophezulu woPhuhliso lwentsimbi kunye neNsimbi" olukhutshwe nguMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi nge-31 kaDisemba, 2020, umyinge wemveliso yentsimbi ye-eAF kwimveliso yentsimbi ekrwada iyonke kufuneka yonyuswe ukuya kwi-15. I-% ~ 20% ngo-2025. Ukonyuka kwemveliso yentsimbi ye-eAF kuya kwandisa kakhulu imfuno yeeelectrode zegraphite zamandla aphezulu.Umkhwa wokuphuhliswa kwesithando sombane se-arc siphezulu kwaye sisikhulu, esibeka phambili imfuno enkulu yenkcazo enkulu kunye ne-ultra-high power graphite electrode.
2.2 Ubume bemveliso yegraphite electrode
I-electrode yegraphite iyimfuneko ekusetyenzisweni kwe-eAF steelmaking.Umzobo we-4 ubonisa amandla okuvelisa kunye nemveliso ye-electrode yegraphite e-China kwiminyaka emi-5 yakutshanje.Umthamo wemveliso ye-electrode yegraphite unyukile ukusuka kwi-1050kT/a ngo-2016 ukuya kwi-2200kt/a ngo-2020, kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka esiyi-15.94%.Le minyaka mihlanu lixesha lokukhula okukhawulezayo komthamo wokuvelisa i-electrode yegraphite, kunye nomjikelo oqhubayo wophuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini legraphite electrode.Phambi kowama-2017, ishishini legraphite electrode njengeshishini lemveli lokuvelisa amandla aphezulu kunye nongcoliseko oluphezulu, amashishini amakhulu asekhaya egraphite electrode anciphisa imveliso, amashishini amancinci naphakathi egraphite electrode ajongana nokuvalwa, kwaye kwanezigebenga ze-electrode zamazwe ngamazwe kufuneka ziyeke imveliso, thengisa kwakhona kwaye uphume.Kwi-2017, ithonywe kwaye iqhutywe ngumgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo kazwelonke wokupheliswa okunyanzelekileyo kwe "floor bar steel", ixabiso le-graphite electrode e-China lenyuka ngokukhawuleza.Ikhuthazwe ziingeniso ezigqithileyo, imarike yegraphite electrode yangenisa amaza okuqalisa amandla kunye nokwandiswa.
Ngo-2019, imveliso ye-graphite electrode e-China yafikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu elitsha kwiminyaka yakutshanje, yafikelela kwi-1189kT.Ngo-2020, imveliso ye-graphite electrode yehla yaya kutsho kwi-1020kT ngenxa yesidingo esibuthathaka esibangelwe ngubhubhane.Kodwa xa lilonke, ishishini laseTshayina legraphite electrode linamandla agqithisileyo, kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa lehlile ukusuka kuma-70% ngo-2017 ukuya kuma-46% ngo-2020, izinga elitsha lokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi.
2.3 Uhlalutyo lwemfuno ye-coke yenaliti kwishishini legraphite electrode
Uphuhliso lwentsimbi ye-eAF luya kuqhuba imfuno ye-electrode yegraphite yamandla aphezulu.Kuqikelelwa ukuba imfuno electrode graphite iya kuba malunga 1300kt ngo 2025, kunye nemfuno coke inaliti ekrwada iya kuba malunga 450kT.Kuba kwimveliso yobukhulu obukhulu kunye ne-ultra-high power graphite electrode kunye nokudityaniswa, inaliti ye-oyile esekwe kwi-oyile ingcono kune-coke yenaliti esekwe emalahleni, ubungakanani bemfuno ye-graphite electrode ye-oyile esekwe kwi-oyile iya kwandiswa ngakumbi, ihlala indawo yemarike yenaliti esekwe ngamalahle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-23-2022