Yintoni i-graphitization kunye ne-carbonization, kwaye yintoni umehluko?

Yintoni igraphitization?

I-Graphitization yinkqubo yoshishino apho ikhabhoni iguqulwa ibe yigraphite. Olu lutshintsho lwe-microstructure olwenzeka kwi-carbon okanye kwi-low-alloy steels evezwe kumaqondo okushisa angama-425 ukuya kuma-550 degrees Celsius ixesha elide, zitsho iiyure ze-1,000. Olu luhlobo lwe-embrittlement. Ngokomzekelo, i-microstructure ye-carbon-molybdenum steels ihlala iqulethe i-pearlite (umxube we-ferrite kunye ne-cementite). Xa izinto eziphathekayo zenziwe ngegraphiti, zibangela ukuba i-pearlite idibanise ibe yi-ferrite kunye ne-graphite ehlakazekileyo ngokungaqhelekanga. Oku kubangela i-embrittlement yentsimbi kunye nokunciphisa okuthobekileyo kwamandla xa ezi ngqungquthela zegraphite zihanjiswa ngokungaqhelekanga kwi-matrix. Nangona kunjalo, sinokunqanda i-graphitization ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinokumelana okuphezulu okungaphantsi kwe-graphitization. Ukongezelela, sinokuyiguqula indalo, umzekelo, ukwandisa i-pH okanye ukunciphisa umxholo we-chloride. Enye indlela yokuthintela i-graphitization ibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-coating. Ukukhuselwa kweCathodic yentsimbi.

Yintoni carbonization?

I-Carbonization yinkqubo yoshishino apho i-organic matter iguqulwa ibe yikhabhoni. Izinto eziphilayo esiziqwalaselayo apha ziquka izidumbu zezityalo nezilwanyana. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngokutshabalalisa i-distillation. Le yimpendulo ye-pyrolytic kwaye ithathwa njengenkqubo enzima apho ukuphendulwa kweekhemikhali ezininzi ngaxeshanye kunokubonwa. Ngokomzekelo, i-dehydrogenation, i-condensation, i-hydrogen transfer kunye ne-isomerization. Inkqubo ye-carbonization ihluke kwinkqubo ye-carbonization kuba i-carbonization yinkqubo ekhawulezayo kuba iphendula imiyalelo emininzi yobukhulu ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubungakanani bobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo bunokulawula iqondo le-carbonization kunye nobungakanani bezinto zangaphandle ezisele. Ngokomzekelo, umxholo wekhabhoni wentsalela malunga ne-90% ngesisindo kwi-1200K kunye ne-99% ngesisindo malunga ne-1600K. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-carbonization yi-reaction exothermic, enokuthi ishiywe ngokwayo okanye isetyenziswe njengomthombo wamandla ngaphandle kokwenza nayiphi na i-carbon dioxide gas. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-biomaterial ibonakaliswe kutshintsho olukhawulezayo kubushushu (njengokudubula kwenyukliya), i-biomaterial iya carbonize ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe yikhabhoni eqinile.

I-Graphitization ifana ne-carbonization

Zombini ziinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zoshishino ezibandakanya ikhabhoni njenge-reactant okanye imveliso.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwegraphitization kunye necarbonization?

I-Graphitization kunye ne-carbonization zimbini iinkqubo zoshishino. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-carbonization kunye ne-graphitization kukuba i-carbonization ibandakanya ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo kwikhabhoni, ngelixa i-graphitization ibandakanya ukuguqula i-carbon kwi-graphite. Ngaloo ndlela, i-carbonization yinguqu yeekhemikhali, ngelixa i-graphitization yinguqu ye-microstructure.