Yintoni i-graphitization?
I-Graphitization yinkqubo yemizi-mveliso apho ikhabhoni iguqulwa ibe yi-graphite. Olu lutshintsho lwesakhiwo se-microstructure oluvela kwiintsimbi ze-carbon okanye ze-low-alloy ezivezwe kumaqondo obushushu angama-425 ukuya kuma-550 degrees Celsius ixesha elide, masithi iiyure ezili-1,000. Olu luhlobo lokuqhekeka. Umzekelo, isakhiwo se-microstructure seentsimbi ze-carbon-molybdenum sidla ngokuba ne-pearlite (umxube we-ferrite kunye ne-cementite). Xa izinto zenziwe i-graphit, zibangela ukuba i-pearlite ibole ibe yi-ferrite kwaye i-graphite esasazeke ngokungacwangciswanga. Oku kubangela ukuqhekeka kwentsimbi kunye nokuncipha okuncinci kwamandla xa la masuntswana e-graphite esasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga kuyo yonke i-matrix. Nangona kunjalo, singayithintela i-graphitization ngokusebenzisa izinto ezinokumelana okuphezulu ezingachukumisi kakhulu i-graphitization. Ukongeza, singayitshintsha imeko-bume ngokunyusa i-pH okanye ukunciphisa umxholo we-chloride. Enye indlela yokuthintela i-graphitization ibandakanya ukusebenzisa i-coating. Ukukhuselwa kwe-cathodic yesinyithi esityhidiweyo.
Yintoni i-carbonization?
I-Carbonization yinkqubo yemizi-mveliso apho izinto eziphilayo ziguqulwa zibe yi-carbon. Izinto eziphilayo esiziqwalaselayo apha ziquka izidumbu zezityalo nezilwanyana. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngokucocwa okutsha. Le yi-pyrolytic reaction kwaye ithathwa njengenkqubo enzima apho kunokubonwa khona ii-chemical reactions ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Umzekelo, ukususwa kwe-hydrogen, ukujiya, ukudluliselwa kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-isomerization. Inkqubo ye-carbonization yahlukile kwinkqubo ye-carbonization kuba i-carbonization yinkqubo ekhawulezayo kuba isabela ngokukhawuleza kwii-odolo ezininzi ngobukhulu. Ngokubanzi, ubungakanani bobushushu obusetyenziswayo bunokulawula inqanaba le-carbonization kunye nobungakanani bezinto zangaphandle eziseleyo. Umzekelo, umxholo we-carbon kwintsalela umalunga ne-90% ngobunzima kwi-1200K kwaye malunga ne-99% ngobunzima malunga ne-1600K. Ngokubanzi, i-carbonization yi-exothermic reaction, enokushiywa yodwa okanye isetyenziswe njengomthombo wamandla ngaphandle kokwenza naluphi na uphawu lwegesi ye-carbon dioxide. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba izinto eziphilayo zichaphazeleka kutshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubushushu (njengokuqhuma kwenyukliya), izinto eziphilayo ziya kuguquka ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibe yi-carbon eqinileyo.
Ukwenziwa kwegrafiti kufana nokwenziwa kwecarbonization
Zombini ziinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zoshishino ezibandakanya ikhabhoni njenge-reactant okanye imveliso.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-graphitization kunye ne-carbonization?
Ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kunye ne-carbonization ziinkqubo ezimbini zoshishino. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kokwenziwa kwe-carbonization kunye ne-graphitization kukuba ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization kubandakanya ukuguqula izinto eziphilayo zibe yi-carbon, ngelixa ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kubandakanya ukuguqula i-carbon ibe yi-graphite. Ngoko ke, ukwenziwa kwe-carbonization lutshintsho lweekhemikhali, ngelixa ukwenziwa kwe-graphitization kukutshintsha kwesakhiwo se-microstructure.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-29-2021