Iqhutywa ziinjongo zaseTshayina “zokuphucula ikhabhoni kunye nokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni,” imigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo ibe nefuthe elikhulu kwishishini le-graphite electrode, ngokuyintloko ibonakaliswa kwiinkalo ezine: ukuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo semarike, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe. Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lulandelayo:
1. Ukuphuculwa kweMizi-mveliso: Ukususa Amandla Aphelelwe Lixesha kunye nokukhuthaza ukubekwa kwindawo enye kwemizi-mveliso
Ukunyusa imida yokusingqongileyo
Imigaqo-nkqubo inyanzele amashishini ukuba aphucule ubuchwepheshe bemveliso ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo anjengokulawula ngokungqongqo ukumbiwa kwemigodi okungalawulwayo kunye nokunciphisa amandla aphelelwe lixesha. Umzekelo, amashishini amancinci asebenzisa amandla amaninzi kunye nongcoliseko aye anyanzeleka ukuba avale ngenxa yokungakwazi kwawo ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo, ngelixa iinkampani eziphambili ezineenkqubo zemveliso ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nezakhono zokwenza iimveliso eziphezulu (umz., iFangda Carbon) ziye zandisa ngakumbi isabelo sazo semarike. Ngowama-2025, uxinaniso lweshishini luqikelelwa ukuba ludlule kwi-60%, nto leyo ekhuthaza imodeli yophuhliso oluphezulu nolunzulu.
Ukukhawulezisa utshintsho oluluhlaza
Amashishini kufuneka aseke inkqubo evaliweyo "yokuvuselela imveliso-ukubuyisela-ukuvuselela." Umzekelo, amazinga okubuyisa uthuli lwegrafiti kulindeleke ukuba afikelele kwi-99.9%, kwaye iteknoloji yokuvelisa ubushushu benkunkuma yokubhaka iya kuphinda isebenzise i-35% yamandla okusetyenziswa ukuze ihambelane nemigangatho yezendalo yamazwe ngamazwe efana nerhafu yomda wekhabhoni ye-EU. Imigaqo-nkqubo ikwasebenzisa iindlela ezifana neerhafu zezendalo kunye norhwebo lokukhupha ikhabhoni ukuqhuba utshintsho ukusuka "kwisantya sesikali" ukuya ekukhuleni "kokusebenza komgangatho".
2. Uhlengahlengiso loBume beMarike: Ukuphuculwa kweMfuno kunye nokuLungiswa koNikezelo
Ukwanda kweMfuno yoKwenza iNsimbi ye-Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)
Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi ye-EAF, inkqubo yokuhamba kancinci apho ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kuphuma kwisitofu esiqhumayo, kubalulekile ekufezekiseni iinjongo "zekhabhoni ezimbini" zoshishino lwentsimbi. Imigaqo-nkqubo iyalela ukuba kunyuswe isabelo sentsimbi eveliswe yi-EAF ukusuka kwi-10% ukuya kwi-15%-20% ngo-2025, nto leyo enyusa ngokuthe ngqo imfuno yee-electrode zegrafiti. Ii-electrode zegrafiti ezinamandla aphezulu, ezinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngetoni yentsimbi, ziye zaba zezona zinto ziphambili kwimarike, ziqhuba izakhiwo zemveliso ukuya kumandla aphezulu.
Ulwandiso kwiiCandelo eziKhulayo
Usetyenziso lwe-graphite electrode ludlulele ngaphaya kwemizi-mveliso yesinyithi neyekhemikhali yendabuko ukuya kwiimarike eziphezulu ezifana namandla amatsha (umz., iibhetri ze-graphene) kunye nokuveliswa kwe-semiconductor. Umzekelo, itekhnoloji ye-graphene iphucula kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwe-electrode kunye neempawu zoomatshini, ngelixa ukuprinta kwe-3D kuvumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwezakhiwo ezincinci ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesicelo esinzima.
3. Ubuchule bobuchwepheshe: Ukoyisa iingxaki kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi
Indawo yezixhobo ezibalulekileyo
Ii-electrode zegrafiti eziphezulu zixhomekeke kwi-needle coke engeniswe kwamanye amazwe (enezinga lokungenisa izinto ngaphakathi kwelizwe elingaphantsi kwama-50%). Inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kwi-R&D ikhuthaze impumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe, apho amashishini andisa utyalo-mali ukuphucula umgangatho we-needle coke eveliswa ngaphakathi kwelizwe kunye nokufezekisa iingenelo zeendleko, okunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiimpahla ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Uphuculo olukrelekrele nolwedijithali
Itekhnoloji yedijithali ephindwe kabini ivumela ukulinganisa okunamandla kweeparamitha zenkqubo, ifezekisa ukuchaneka okungaphezulu kwe-90% ekuqikeleleni iziphene zomatshini. Iinkqubo zomatshini ezihambelanayo, ezixhotyiswe ngee-sensors zokukhupha i-acoustic, zijonga iimeko zokusika ngexesha langempela, kunye nokuchaneka kwembuyekezo yeempazamo okufikelela kwi-0.1μm. Ezi zinto zintsha ziye zanciphisa imijikelo yokucubungula nge-20% kwaye zanyusa amazinga emveliso engaphezulu kwe-98%, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
4. Ukhuphiswano Oluphuculweyo Lwamazwe Ngamazwe: Ukujongana Nemiqobo Yorhwebo Nokwandisa Iimarike Zehlabathi
Ukubuyiselwa kweMarike yokuThumela kwamanye amazwe kunye nokuHlukana
Nangona kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eYurophu nase-US kunciphe nge-10% ukuya kwi-15% ngenxa yophando oluchasene nokulahla inkunkuma ngo-2025, amashishini anciphisa umngcipheko ngokwandisa kwiimarike ezisakhulayo ezifana noMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia kunye noMbindi Mpuma kunye nokuseka iziseko zemveliso zasekuhlaleni. Ukuthatha inxaxheba ekumiselweni kwemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (umz., imigangatho yovavanyo lwe-ISO graphite electrode) kukwaqinise impembelelo yetekhnoloji kunye nomfanekiso wehlabathi.
Ulwakhiwo lweGreen Brand
Ezinye iinkampani ziye zaphuhlisa iimpawu ze-electrode ze-graphite ezisebenzisa i-carbon ephantsi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamazwe ngamazwe zeemveliso ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, ukupapasha iingxelo ze-ESG kunye nokuzibandakanya kwiimarike zorhwebo nge-carbon kuye kwandisa ukuqatshelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe, okubonelela ngabaqhubi abatsha bokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Isiphelo: Ukulinganisela Imingeni kunye namathuba, Ukuya Kuphuhliso Oluphezulu Noluluhlaza
Nangona imigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo iqhubele phambili ekuphuculweni kweshishini, ikwazise nemingeni efana nokunyuka kweendleko zezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokwanda kotyalo-mali kwindalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kwe-EAF steelmaking, ukwandiswa kwamashishini amatsha amandla, kunye neemfuno ezichanekileyo kwimveliso ye-semiconductor kudale ithuba lemarike le-trillion-yuan. Kwixesha elizayo, amashishini aphambili ane-teknoloji yokugcina kunye neekhonkco zobonelelo ezidibeneyo aya kulawula imarike, ngelixa intsebenziswano phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo (umz., i-R&D edibeneyo phakathi kweebhetri ze-graphene kunye nee-electrodes) inokuvela njengesitshixo sokunqoba imiqobo yokukhula. Iziphumo ezihambelanayo zesikhokelo somgaqo-nkqubo, ukuveliswa kweteknoloji, kunye nemfuno yemarike ziphinda zibumbe inkqubo ye-ecosystem ye-graphite electrode yehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-13-2025